Using time-dependent indirect CPCP asymmetries to measure TT and CPTCPT violation in B0B^0-Bˉ0{\bar B}^0 mixing

Quantum field theory, which is the basis for all of particle physics, requires that all processes respect $CPT$ invariance. It is therefore of paramount importance to test the validity of $CPT$ conservation. In this Letter, we show that the time-dependent, indirect $CP$ asymmetries involving $B$ decays to a $CP$ eigenstate contain enough information to measure $T$ and $CPT$ violation in $B^0$-${\bar B}^0$ mixing, in addition to the standard $CP$-violating weak phases. Entangled $B^0{\bar B}^0$ states are not required (so that this analysis can be carried out at LHCb, as well as at the $B$ factories), penguin pollution need not be neglected, and the measurements can be made even if the $B^0$-${\bar B}^0$ width difference vanishes.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, changes: removed almost all discussion of what can and cannot be done with the method of entangled states; explained that CPT- and T-violating parameters also contribute to CP-violating effects; reorganized the presentation of the paper; added footnotes and reference

Constraining electroweak penguin graph contributions in measurements of the CKM phase alpha using B→ππ and B→ρρ decays

The unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix has been well established by both direct and indirect measurements without any evidence of discrepancy. The CKM weak phase α is directly measured using an isospin analysis in B→ππ and B→ρρ assuming that electroweak penguin contributions are ignorable. However, electroweak penguins are sensitive to NP, hence, it is important to experimentally estimate their effects. We determine the size of both electroweak penguin and isospin amplitudes, directly from B→ππ and B→ρρ experimental data, using in addition the indirectly measured value of α. We find that electroweak penguin contribution are indeed small and agree with SM expectations within 1σ. We also find that there is a mild enhancement of the ΔI=12 transition amplitude. © 2020 authors. Published by the American Physical Society

Implications from B→K∗ℓ+ℓ−B\to K^* \ell^+\ell^- observables using LHCb data

The decay $B\to K*\ell^+\ell^-$ is regarded as one of the most important modes to search for physics beyond the standard model as the angular distribution enables the independent measurement of a plethora of observables. To disentangle new physics from the standard model effect an ``exact'' test of standard model is needed. This drive us to derive a relation including all short-distance and long-distance effects, factorizable and non-factorizable contributions, complete electromagnetic corrections to hadronic operators up to all orders, resonance contributions and the finite lepton masses in a complete model independent approach. The violation of this relation will provide a smoking gun signal of new physics. The model independent framework has also been implemented in the maximum $q^2$ limit to highlight strong evidence of right-handed currents, which are absent in the SM. The conclusions derived are free from hadronic corrections. Our approach differs from other approaches that probe new physics at low $q^2$ as it does not require estimates of hadronic parameters but relies instead on heavy quark symmetries that are reliable at the maximum $q^2$ kinematic endpoint

Implications from B→K∗ℓ+ℓ−{B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-} observables using 3fb−13 \text{fb}^{-1} of LHCb data

The decay mode B → K ∗ ` + ` − is regarded as one of the attractive mode to look for physics beyond standard model (SM) due to the measurement of large number of observables in experiments. Starting with the most general parametric form of the decay amplitude within SM, two differ- ent analyses have been carried out. First we show how recent LHCb data can be used without any approximations to extract theoretical parameters describing the decay. We find significant discrepancies in the form factor values obtained from experimental data when compared with theoretical expectations in several dilepton invariant mass squared ( q 2 ) bins. We emphasize that the discrepancy observed in certain variables cannot arise due to resonances and non-factorizable contributions from charm loops. Secondly, the same model independent framework has been im- plemented in the maximum q 2 limit to highlight strong evidence of right-handed currents, which are absent in the SM. The conclusions derived are free from hadronic corrections. Our approach differs from other approaches that probe new physics at low q 2 as it does not require estimates of hadronic parameters but relies instead on heavy quark symmetries that are reliable at the maxi- mum q 2 kinematic endpoint

Study of management of non-traumatic small intestinal perforation

Background: Perforation of the small bowel from a wide variety of causes is a significant entity in surgical emergencies. Surgery is the cornerstone in the management of perforation peritonitis. The most common etiology is of infective origin. This study was undertaken to find out the demographic characteristics, etiological factors, clinical presentations and various surgical procedures for small intestinal perforation, it’s complications in our setup. Materials and methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of general surgery at SCB Medical College, Cuttack from January 2017 to January 2020. A total of 50 cases of non-traumatic small bowel perforation were included in this study. Results: Most common age group was 21-30 years (40%). Ileum was the most common site accounting for 80%.  Sixty per cent of cases were enteric infections due to typhoid followed by tuberculosis (20%).  Conclusion: Diagnosis of non-traumatic small bowel perforation is a challenge even with the advent of newer technology. Younger populations are commonly affected compared to the western population. Infective aetiology is most common in our part of the world. Early surgical intervention along with treatment of the etiological factors may lead to a better outcome