Concentration or representation : the struggle for popular sovereignty

There is a tension in the notion of popular sovereignty, and the notion of democracy associated with it, that is both older than our terms for these notions themselves and more fundamental than the apparently consensual way we tend to use them today. After a review of the competing conceptions of 'the people' that underlie two very different understandings of democracy, this article will defend what might be called a 'neo-Jacobin' commitment to popular sovereignty, understood as the formulation and imposition of a shared political will. A people's egalitarian capacity to concentrate both its collective intelligence and force, from this perspective, takes priority over concerns about how best to represent the full variety of positions and interests that differentiate and divide a community

Trends in publications (integer count) and citations downloaded from Web of Knowledge by year using the cardiovascular bibliometric filter.

<p>Trends in publications (integer count) and citations downloaded from <u>Web of Knowledge</u> by year using the cardiovascular bibliometric filter.</p

Country-level cardiovascular research publications in 2004 against age standardized death rates per 100 000 (A) and age standardized disability adjusted life year [DALY] rates per 100 000 (B).

<p>Color coding representing World Bank country income status. The size of each country's bubble represents the population size of that country.</p

Cardiovascular publications by integer count, by World Bank Income Group (log).

<p>Trends in log number of cardiovascular publications by integer count, stratified by World Bank income group (1999–2008).</p

Country-level fractional counts against logarithmic annual citation counts in 1999 (A) and 2008 (B).

<p>Country-level fractional counts (scale: 0–1) against logarithmic annual citation counts (country-level cardiovascular research output) with color coding representing World Bank country income status. Fractional counts represent the proportion of each country's authors against the total number of authors on each publication. The size of each country's bubble represents the population size of that country. Average citation index (ACI) is calculated by dividing a publication's total citations five years post-publication by five.</p

Trends in median (interquartile range) five year running actual citation index [ACI] counts per publication, stratified by World Bank income group status (1999–2008).

<p>ACI is calculated by dividing a publication's total citations five years post-publication by five. Lower citation counts in 2008 may reflect incomplete citations reported to <u>Web of Knowledge</u> during follow-up period (2012).</p

Country-level cardiovascular research publications against Human Development Index in 2000 (A) and 2008 (B).

<p>Color coding representing World Bank country income status. The size of each country's bubble represents the population size of that country.</p