Thermally induced secondary atomization of droplet in an acoustic field

We study the thermal effects that lead to instability and break up in acoustically levitated vaporizing fuel droplets. For selective liquids, atomization occurs at the droplet equator under external heating. Short wavelength [Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH)] instability for diesel and bio-diesel droplets triggers this secondary atomization. Vapor pressure, latent heat, and specific heat govern the vaporization rate and temperature history, which affect the surface tension gradient and gas phase density, ultimately dictating the onset of KH instability. We develop a criterion based on Weber number to define a condition for the inception of secondary atomization

PcrG protects the two long helical oligomerization domains of PcrV, by an interaction mediated by the intramolecular coiled-coil region of PcrG

PcrV is a hydrophilic translocator of type three secretion system (TTSS) and a structural component of the functional translocon. C-terminal helix of PcrV is essential for its oligomerization at the needle tip. Conformational changes within PcrV regulate the effector translocation. PcrG is a cytoplasmic regulator of TTSS and forms a high affinity complex with PcrV. C-terminal residues of PcrG control the effector secretion

CLINICAL INSIGHT ON PATTERNS OF CARE AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN ADULT HIGH GRADE GLIOMA: EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CANCER HOSPITAL FROM EASTERN INDIA

Objective: The Central Nervous System Tumors account for 2.4% of all malignancies in India, but are associated with high mortality in high-grade tumors which result in poor death-adjusted life years. This study focuses on patterns of care and prognostic factors of adult high-grade glioma to explore the unaddressed nuances in treating such patients. Methods: It was a retrospective single institutional study from June 2018 to July 2021 with an age group between 16 to 70 years. All histopathologically or clinicoradiologically proven cases of high-grade (World Health Organization Grades III and IV) gliomas were assessed. Defaulters and recurrent glioma at presentation were excluded from the analysis. Baseline characteristics were analyzed by Chi-square and unpaired t-test, and the Kaplan– Meir test was used for survival analysis. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: 41 patients were accrued for final analysis with a median follow-up period of 18 months. The most common histology was Astrocytoma, followed by Glioblastoma with a female preponderance. The Frontal and Temporal lobe was the predominant site in the study population. A majority (82%) of the patients underwent maximal safe resection followed by chemoradiation therapy (63.4%). Median progression free survival was 24 months and 8 months for Grades III and IV gliomas, respectively. The median overall survival for Grade IV gliomas was 7 months. Conclusion: Resection status, Grade IV, IDH and 1p19q codeletion status were significant prognostic factors, while intensity modulated radiotherapy showed better dosimetry. More prospective randomized studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are required for validation and drafting an outcome nomogram