Analysis of Rainfall Distribution in Puri District of Odisha

The distribution of rainfall always varies with time. As a result, there isoccurrence of drought, abnormal and normal months with respect to amount of rainfall indifferent years. This necessitates the statistical assessment of rainfall probability. Puri districtlies in the coastal region of Odisha. The study of rainfall pattern in Puri district is of utmostimportant for proper planning of the crops due to the random nature of rainfall pattern. Theprobability distribution of drought, normal and abnormal rainfall at Puri district ofOdisha is studied monthly and seasonally from rainfall data for period of 20 years (1997-98to 2016-17). The month in which the monthly rainfall is less than half of mean monthlyrainfall is regarded as drought month. The month in which the monthly rainfall is more thantwice the mean monthly rainfall is regarded as abnormal month and the month in which themonthly rainfall is in between half and twice of the mean monthly rainfall is regarded asnormal month. During kharif season (June – September) the probability of normal rainfallremains high and the probability of occurrence of drought months is very low. The probabilityof drought months remains high in rabi season, whereas, in summer season the probability ofabnormal months remains high. The Coefficient of Variation of rainfall is less in wet monthsi.e. months having more rainfall and is high in dry months i.e. months having very lessrainfall. Thus, it can be concluded that the degree of uncertainty of rainfall increases in drymonths and the wet months have high degree of certainty in occurrence of rainfall.&nbsp

Management of Rhizoctonia blight of groundnut using antagonistic effects of bioagents and organic amendments

Rhizoctonia blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani in groundnut crop is one of the most devastating diseases occurring worldwide. The disease affects the morphological and physiological parameters of the crop leading to reduction in pod yield as well as oil yield. The pathogen was isolated locally and identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on molecular characterization. The efficacy of different bioagents in reducing the radial growth of pathogen was tested in vitro and highest mycelia growth inhibition was recorded by Trichoderma asperellum (89.07 %). Among the fungicides tested, 100 % mycelial growth inhibition was observed by use of Carbendazim 50 WP, Tebuconazole 25.9 % EC, Hexaconazole 5 % suspension concentrate (SC) and Tebuconazole 50 % + Trifloxystrobin 25 % water-dispersible granule (WG). Among different organic substances tested in vitro, neem seed cake achieved maximum mycelial growth inhibition of 50.74 % and 54.08 % at 10 % and 20 % concentrations respectively. In the field experiment, treatment with application of neem seed cake to the soil at 500 kg/ha + application of mustard seed cake to the soil at 500 kg/ha + treatment of seeds with Tebuconazole at 1.5 g/kg of seed + treatment of seeds with T. asperellum at 10 g/kg of seed was found to be the best in enhancing plant health, growth promotion and oil yield. The combined treatment of bioagent, fungicide and organic amendment recorded maximum number of branches (14.00), number of leaves (668.33), plant dry weight (64.17 g), 100 pod weight (65.00 g) and oil yield (47.33 %) compared to the control and other treatments along with reduction of the disease (59.61 %). In the physiological parameters study, the same treatment also recorded maximum pigment contents viz. Chlorophyll a (1.843 mg/g), Chlorophyll b (0.555 mg/g), total chlorophyll (2.397 mg/g) and carotenoid content (0.084 mg/g) but with minimum phenol content (1.693 mg/g). Thus, it can be concluded that integration of selective inputs in the combined treatment of Neem seed cake, Mustard seed cake, Tebuconazole and T. asperellum could enhance the plant health, morphological growth and physiological parameters and increased the oil yield in groundnut along with reduction of the disease

A Study of Fluctuation and Development Trend in Kharif Rice Cultivation in Odisha, India

It has been a concern in Odisha to see stable agricultural growth rates. Since rice is the main crop grown in the state, the current study's goals are to determine the district wise growth rate of area, production, and yield of kharif rice as well as to determine the degree of instability in those districts of Odisha. The study is based on secondary source of data on area, yield and production of kharif rice in the districts of Odisha from the period 1994-95 to 2017-18. The data are obtained from various volumes of Odisha Agriculture Statistics published by Directorate of Agriculture and Food Production, Government of Odisha. The growth rates for area, production and yield of kharif rice were computed for the districts of Odisha using exponential model. Cuddy Della Valle’s instability index was used to analyze the instability in area, production and yield of kharif rice in districts of Odisha. The compound growth rate in case of area was highest in Malkangiri and Subarnapur Districts. Lowest growth rate found in Kandhamal district. Compound growth rate for production are significant and highest in Subarnapur, Sundargarh, Jagatsinghpur and Boudh districts. Maximum districts showing positive growth rate in production and yield. Instability index for area of kharif rice in all districts of Odisha is insignificant except Bargarh and Jharsuguda which have significant Instability Index, which reveals that for the State, area is more stable as compared to that of yield and production. Despite stability of area, the instability of yield leads to instability of production

Analytical Study of Kharif Food Grain Production in Odisha

The state of Odisha having an agrarian based economy depends largely on agriculture for the livelihood of its population. Food grains are important commodity of crop groups that provide high quality carbohydrates, protein and vitamins. A study on the compound growth rate of area, yield and production of food grains for kharif season in the districts of Odisha and the state as a whole has been attempted in the present study which would be helpful in visualizing the progress of the state with respect to food grain cultivation and proper framing of agricultural policies of the state. The study is based secondary data for the period of 1993-94 to 2017-18 to estimate the compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of kharif food grains for the districts and the state as a whole. The districts are ranked on the basis of compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index in decreasing order and increasing order of their magnitudes respectively. The rank correlation between Compound Growth Rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of food grains during kharif seasons are studied. It is found that despite negative growth rate in area, the positive compound growth rate of yield leads to positive compound growth rate in production of kharif food grains of Odisha. Also it is found that despite stability of area, the instability of yield leads to instability in production of kharif food grains in the state of Odisha

Analytical Study of Kharif Food Grain Production in Odisha

The state of Odisha having an agrarian based economy depends largely on agriculture for the livelihood of its population. Food grains are important commodity of crop groups that provide high quality carbohydrates, protein and vitamins. A study on the compound growth rate of area, yield and production of food grains for kharif season in the districts of Odisha and the state as a whole has been attempted in the present study which would be helpful in visualizing the progress of the state with respect to food grain cultivation and proper framing of agricultural policies of the state. The study is based secondary data for the period of 1993-94 to 2017-18 to estimate the compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of kharif food grains for the districts and the state as a whole. The districts are ranked on the basis of compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index in decreasing order and increasing order of their magnitudes respectively. The rank correlation between Compound Growth Rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of food grains during kharif seasons are studied. It is found that despite negative growth rate in area, the positive compound growth rate of yield leads to positive compound growth rate in production of kharif food grains of Odisha. Also it is found that despite stability of area, the instability of yield leads to instability in production of kharif food grains in the state of Odisha.</jats:p