28 research outputs found
Analysis of Phenomenon at Quantum Capacitance Limit of SNWFET using FETToy
In The proposed paper several interesting phenomenon that happens at Quantum Conductance Limit (QCL) like transconductance of One Dimensional-Silicon Nano Wire Field Effect Transistor (1D-SNWFET), mobile electron density and injection velocity is studied and simulated using Fettoy simulation tool. The selected gate material in silicon nanowire field effect transistor is SiO2 with K=3.9 and HFO2 with K=20. A coaxial SNWFET is simulated and the results illustrate the essential physics and peculiarities of 1D nanowire FETs, such as the saturation of channel conductance at full degenerate limit and the saturation of transconductance at the quantum capacitance limit and the full degenerate limit
On the optical properties of Ag^{+15} ion-beam irradiated TiO_{2} and SnO_{2} thin films
The effects of 200-MeV Ag^{+15} ion irradiation on the optical properties of
TiO_{2} and SnO_{2} thin films prepared by using the RF magnetron sputtering
technique were investigated. These films were characterized by using UV-vis
spectroscopy, and with increasing irradiation fluence, the transmittance for
the TiO_{2} films was observed to increase systematically while that for
SnO_{2} was observed to decrease. Absorption spectra of the irradiated samples
showed minor changes in the indirect bandgap from 3.44 to 3.59 eV with
increasing irradiation fluence for TiO_{2} while significant changes in the
direct bandgap from 3.92 to 3.6 eV were observed for SnO_{2}. The observed
modifications in the optical properties of both the TiO_{2} and the SnO_{2}
systems with irradiation can be attributed to controlled structural
disorder/defects in the system.Comment: 6 pages, ICAMD-201
Exopolysaccharide and lactic acid bacteria: Perception, functionality and prospects
Lactic acid bacteria exhibit the most effective potential to divert significant amount of fermentable sugars towards the biosynthesis of functional exopolysaccharide. Exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria are receiving a renewed interest due to the claims of human health benefits. This review provides an update on multiple uses and production of exopolysaccharides with major emphasis on their chemical properties, characterization, and some other molecular strategies adopted for their genetics and biological tailoring to better understand the process of exopolysaccharide production along with their antiviral efficacy with multiple modes of action. Additionally, microbiological, biochemical, nutritional and biotechnological aspects of exopolysaccharide production have also been discussed. Moreover, appro-priate suggestions have been made on lactic acid bacteria improvements, leading to enhanced production with advanced modification and production process that may contribute to the economic soundness of applications in food and pharmacological industries with this promising group of biomolecules.
BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model
Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks
based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these
capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by
resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step
towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a
176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a
collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer
language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising
hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total).
We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of
benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted
finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we
publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License
Business Link and Regional Supply Network performance information July 1998 to September 1999
URN 00/123Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:2934.18947(Jul 1998/Sep 1999) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo
Promoter Hypomethylation and Expression Is Conserved in Mouse Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Induced by Decreased or Inactivated Dnmt3a
DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3A) catalyzes the formation of 5-methyl-cytosine in mammalian genomic DNA, and it is frequently mutated in human hematologic malignancies. Bi-allelic loss of Dnmt3a in mice results in leukemia and lymphoma, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, we investigate whether mono-allelic loss of Dnmt3a is sufficient to induce disease. We show that, by 16 months of age, 65% of Dnmt3a+/â mice develop a CLL-like disease, and 15% of mice develop non-malignant myeloproliferation. Genome-wide methylation analysis reveals that reduced Dnmt3a levels induce promoter hypomethylation at similar loci in Dnmt3a+/â and Dnmt3aÎ/Î CLL, suggesting that promoters are particularly sensitive to Dnmt3a levels. Gene expression analysis identified 26 hypomethylated and overexpressed genes common to both Dnmt3a+/â and Dnmt3aÎ/Î CLL as putative oncogenic drivers. Our data provide evidence that Dnmt3a is a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor in CLL and highlights the importance of deregulated molecular events in disease pathogenesis