Practices of Consumer Rights in Bangladesh: A Study on Rangpur City

Consumer is the king of market. For this reason it is important to protect the consumer rights for the betterment of both the business man and consumers. In Bangladesh before 2009 there was no proper law to protect the consumer rights. But in 2009, the government of Bangladesh discloses The Consumer Rights Protection Act, 2009. But the implementation of this law is not so good. The problem, discussed in the study, is practices of consumer rights in capital city and other big city is somehow acceptable but what is the real situation in remote area of Bangladesh about practices of consumer right. The aim of this study is to find out the practices of consumer rights in the remote area of Bangladesh like Rangpur city. The following three objectives were set, in order to achieve the aforementioned aim of knowing the present status of consumer rights in Rangpur Bangladesh. To know the effect of consumer education and seller skills on getting consumer rights. To develop and explore some probable solutions and recommendations are to protect consumer right in Bangladesh. The study revealed that present status of consumer rights in Rangpur is not satisfactory. The education of consumer and skills of sellers affects to get the rights of consumer. The remote area consumers are also unaware in a great degree. For this reason most of the cases they were being deceived by the sellers. In the remote area of Bangladesh, like in Rangpur, the concern authority is not active to improve the condition of consumer rights. There is not available active claim center. For this reason first of all the government should take proper step to improve the condition of consumer rights. Keywords: Customer right’s, remote area, concern authority, satisfactor

Community driven initiatives to improve the management of safe water infrastructure in rural bangladesh

This video documents efforts to improve the management of community safe water infrastructure in Goga Union, an arsenic affected part of rural BangladeshUniversity of Michigan Graham Sustainability InstituteUniversity of Michigan Mcubedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153331/1/Chapter 4 video (no english subtitles yet).mp4Description of Chapter 4 video (no english subtitles yet).mp4 : Video documenting community driven initiatives to improve the management of safe water infrastructure in rural Banglades

Synthetic phenolic antioxidants to biodiesel: path toward NOx reduction of an unmodified indirect injection diesel engine

Biodiesel is a green alternative fuel produced froth renewable resources. The major disadvantage of biodiesel is the substantial increase in NO, emission. This study examined the effects of antioxidant-treated coconut biodiesel on the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of an indirect injection diesel engine. Coconut biodiesel was produced by transesterification using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. Two low-cost synthetic antioxidants, 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BHA) and 2,6-di-tert-buty1-4-methylphenol (BHT), were added at 2000 ppm to 20% coconut methyl ester in diesel (CB20). Tests were conducted on a 55 kW 2.5 L four-cylinder diesel engine at a constant load varying speed. Results showed that the antioxidants significantly reduced NOx emission with a slight effect on brake thermal efficiency. The addition of BHA and BHT to CB20 reduced the average NOx emission by 7.78% and 3.84%, and the average brake specific fuel consumption by 1.77% and 1.46%, respectively. The antioxidant addition increased CO, HC, and smoke opacity, but the extent of increase was still below the diesel level. Thus, the addition of antioxidants presents a promising option for NOx reduction. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Biodiesel is a green alternative fuel produced from renewable resources. The major disadvantage of biodiesel is the substantial increase in NOx emission. This study examined the effects of antioxidant-treated coconut biodiesel on the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of an indirect injection diesel engine. Coconut biodiesel was produced by transesterification using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. Two low-cost synthetic antioxidants, 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BHA) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), were added at 2000&nbsp;ppm to 20% coconut methyl ester in diesel (CB20). Tests were conducted on a 55&nbsp;kW 2.5&nbsp;L four-cylinder diesel engine at a constant load varying speed. Results showed that the antioxidants significantly reduced NOx emission with a slight effect on brake thermal efficiency. The addition of BHA and BHT to CB20 reduced the average NOx emission by 7.78% and 3.84%, and the average brake specific fuel consumption by 1.77% and 1.46%, respectively. The antioxidant addition increased CO, HC, and smoke opacity, but the extent of increase was still below the diesel level. Thus, the addition of antioxidants presents a promising option for NOx reduction.</p

An experimental investigation of biodiesel production, characterization, engine performance, emission and noise of Brassica juncea methyl ester and its blends

Diminishing fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns have stimulated research into biofuels as potential renewable and sustainable replacements for fossil diesel. The present research aimed to investigate the feasibility of using mustard biodiesel blends for energy generation in order to reduce air and noise pollution. Mustard biodiesel (MB) was produced from waste mustard oil and the physicochemical properties were investigated. MB showed a superior calorific value (40.40 MJ/kg), oxidation stability (16 h), cloud point (5 degrees C) and pour point (-18 degrees C) than any other conventional biodiesel. During engine performance tests, 10% and 20% MB blends showed 8-13% higher brake specific fuel consumption and 7-8% less brake power compared to diesel fuel. Engine emissions and noise tests showed 9-12% higher NO, 24-42% lower HC, 19-40% lower CO and 2-7% lower noise emission for MB blends compared to diesel fuel. Additionally, comparable engine performance and emission characteristics were found for 10% and 20% MB blends compared to same percentages of palm biodiesels, respectively. In conclusion, 10% and 20% MB blends can be used in diesel engines without modifications

Impact of fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of Jatropha and Alexandrian laurel biodiesel blends: An analysis of performance and emission characteristics

This experimental investigation deals with the effects of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition and the physicochemical properties of biodiesel on engine performance and emissions. FAME compositions have a considerable influence on the physical and chemical properties of biodiesel, such as density, viscosity, heating value, cetane number (CN), oxidation stability, and cold flow properties. The performance and emissions of a four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine were studied under varying speeds and full load condition. For this investigation, 10% and 20% blends of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), Alexandrian laurel (Calophyllum inophyllum), and palm biodiesels (JB, ALB, and PB, respectively) were used, and the results were compared with that of the B5 fuel (95% diesel and 5% palm biodiesel). The content of saturated fatty acid (methyl palmitate) for ALB and JB was found to be 23.3% and 20.4% higher respectively than that for PB. In total, PB showed 19.8% higher saturation than JB, while ALB showed 7.3% higher saturation than JB because of their higher content of longer chain saturated fatty acid (methyl stearate). The CNs of all three biodiesels increased with the increase of carbon chain length and saturation level, whereas iodine value and saponification value decreased with the increase of saturation level. An average of 2.8% and 4.5% brake power reduction were observed in the case of 10% and 20% biodiesel blends respectively. Brake specific fuel consumption increased in the range of 6%–20% compared with B5 fuel, whereas carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions decreased significantly. Nitrogen oxide emissions increased in the range of 9%–23% for the 10% and 20% biodiesel blends with respect to B5 fuel.</p