Microbiota composition data for wild and captive bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839

The Labroides dimidiatus is known as the “doctor fish” because of its role in removing parasites and infectious pathogens from the body of other fishes. This important role played both in wild and captive conditions could represent a novel form of parasitic transmission process mediated by the cleaning activity of the fish. Yet, there is a paucity of data on the microflora associated with this fish which is important for tracking disease infection and generally monitoring the health status of the fish. This article, therefore, represents the first dataset for the microbiota composition of wild and captive L. dimidiatus. Wild fish samples and carriage water were gotten in Terengganu Malaysia around the corals of the Karah Island. The captive sample, however, was obtained from well-known ornamental fish suppliers in Terengganu Malaysia. Thereafter, bacteria present on the skin, in the stomach and the aquarium water were enumerated using culture-independent approaches and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. Data obtained from the three metagenomic libraries using NGS analysis gave 1,426,740 amplicon sequence reads which are composed of 508 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for wild samples and 3,238,564 valid reads and 828 OTUs for captive samples. All sequence reads were deposited in the GeneBank (Accession numbers SAMN14260247, SAMN14260248, SAMN14260249, SAMN14260250, SAMN14260251, and SAMN14260252). The dataset presented is associated with the research article “16S rDNA-Based Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Communities Associated with Wild Labroides dimidiatus From Karah Island, Terengganu, Malaysia”. The microbiota data presented in this article can be used to monitor the health and wellbeing of the ornamental fish, especially under captivity, hence preventing possible cross-infectio

Non-lethal heat shock increased Hsp70 and immune protein transcripts but not Vibrio tolerance in the white-leg shrimp.

Non-lethal heat shock boosts bacterial and viral disease tolerance in shrimp, possibly due to increases in endogenous heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and/or immune proteins. To further understand the mechanisms protecting shrimp against infection, Hsp70 and the mRNAs encoding the immune-related proteins prophenoloxidase (proPO), peroxinectin, penaeidin, crustin and hemocyanin were studied in post-larvae of the white-leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, following a non-lethal heat shock. As indicated by RT-qPCR, a 30 min abrupt heat shock increased Hsp70 mRNA in comparison to non-heated animals. Immunoprobing of western blots and quantification by ELISA revealed that Hsp70 production after heat shock was correlated with enhanced Hsp70 mRNA. proPO and hemocyanin mRNA levels were augmented, whereas peroxinectin and crustin mRNA levels were unchanged following non-lethal heat shock. Penaeidin mRNA was decreased by all heat shock treatments. Thirty min abrupt heat shock failed to improve survival of post-larvae in a standardized challenge test with Vibrio harveyi, indicating that under the conditions of this study, L. vannamei tolerance to Vibrio infection was influenced neither by Hsp70 accumulation nor the changes in the immune-related proteins, observations dissimilar to other shrimp species examined

Quantification of mRNA encoding shrimp immune-related proteins following NLHS.

<p>Post-larvae were exposed to 30 min heat shock from 28°C to 30°C, 32°C, 34°C, 36°C and 38°C, then transferred to 28°C for 8 h. mRNAs encoding immune related proteins were quantified by RT-qPCR with beta-actin as reference. The error bars represent SD from 3 replicates. proPO, prophenoloxidase; He, hemocyanin; Pe, peroxinectin; Crus, crustin; Pen, penaedin; HS, heat shock. Asterisks denote statistically significant differences between values obtained for control and heat shocked post-larvae (<i>P<</i>0.05). The figure is a representation from two separate experiments.</p

NLHS enhanced Hsp70 production in <i>L. vannamei</i>.

<p>Post-larvae were exposed to 30 min heat shock from 28°C to 30°C, 32°C, 34°C, 36°C and 38°C, then transferred to 28°C for 8 h. Quantification of Hsp70 was by ELISA. A standard curve, constructed with Human Hsp70 recombinant protein was used to convert ELISA readings obtained with shrimp tissue protein extracts to Hsp70 content. Bars represent the fold difference of Hsp70 quantity in comparison to a non-heated control. The error bars represent the SD from 3 replicates. Asterisks denote statistically significant differences between values obtained for control and heat shocked post-larvae (<i>P<</i>0.05). The figure is a representation from two separate experiments.</p

NLHS increased shrimp Hsp70 mRNA.

<p>Post-larvae were exposed to 30 min heat shock from 28°C to 30°C, 32°C, 34°C, 36°C and 38°C, then transferred to 28°C for 8 h. Hsp70 mRNA was quantified by RT-qPCR, with beta-actin as reference. Bars represent the fold difference of Hsp70 mRNA with comparison to the non-heated control. The error bars represent the SD from 3 replicates. Asterisks denote statistically significant differences between values obtained for control and heat shocked post-larvae (<i>P<</i>0.05). The figure is a representation from two separate experiments.</p

Survival (%) of <i>L. vannamei</i> post-larvae after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h challenges with 1×10¹, 1×10³, 1×10⁵ and 1×10⁷<i>V. harveyi</i>/mL.

<p>The standard deviation is added (mean±SD) for each value. All treatments were done in triplicate. Values in a single column for each experiment showing the same superscript letter are not significantly different (<i>P></i>0.05).</p

Accession numbers and primer sequences for RT-qPCR.

<p>Accession numbers and primer sequences for RT-qPCR.</p

NLHS increased Hsp70 in <i>L. vannamei</i> post-larvae.

<p>Protein extracts were resolved by electrophoresis in SDS polyacrylamide gels and either stained with Coomassie Biosafe (A) or blotted to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes and incubated with antibody to Hsp70 (B). Approximately 50 µg of protein was loaded in each lane. 28, non-heat shocked post-larvae heat shock at 30°C, 32°C, 34°C, 36°C and 38°C was for 30 min with recovery at 28°C for 8 h H-Hsp70: Human Hsp70 recombinant protein M: molecular mass standards in kDa. The figure is a representation from two separate experiments.</p

Average survival (%) of heat shocked <i>L. vannamei</i> post-larvae after challenge for 24, 48 and 72 h with 1×10⁷<i>V. harveyi</i>/ml.

<p>The standard deviation (mean±SD) is given for each value. All treatments were performed in triplicate. Values in a single column showing the same superscript letter are not significantly different (<i>P></i>0.05).</p