Efficient hardware implementations of high throughput SHA-3 candidates keccak, luffa and blue midnight wish for single- and multi-message hashing

In November 2007 NIST announced that it would organize the SHA-3 competition to select a new cryptographic hash function family by 2012. In the selection process, hardware performances of the candidates will play an important role. Our analysis of previously proposed hardware implementations shows that three SHA-3 candidate algorithms can provide superior performance in hardware: Keccak, Luffa and Blue Midnight Wish (BMW). In this paper, we provide efficient and fast hardware implementations of these three algorithms. Considering both single- and multi-message hashing applications with an emphasis on both speed and efficiency, our work presents more comprehensive analysis of their hardware performances by providing different performance figures for different target devices. To our best knowledge, this is the first work that provides a comparative analysis of SHA-3 candidates in multi-message applications. We discover that BMW algorithm can provide much higher throughput than previously reported if used in multi-message hashing. We also show that better utilization of resources can increase speed via different configurations. We implement our designs using Verilog HDL, and map to both ASIC and FPGA devices (Spartan3, Virtex2, and Virtex 4) to give a better comparison with those in the literature. We report total area, maximum frequency, maximum throughput and throughput/area of the designs for all target devices. Given that the selection process for SHA3 is still open; our results will be instrumental to evaluate the hardware performance of the candidates

TRAIL and DcR1 Expressions Are Differentially Regulated in the Pancreatic Islets of STZ- versus CY-Applied NOD Mice

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an important component of the immune system. Although it is well acknowledged that it also has an important role in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) development, this presumed role has not yet been clearly revealed. Streptozotocin (STZ) and Cyclophosphamide (CY) are frequently used agents for establishment or acceleration of T1D disease in experimental models, including the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Although such disease models are very suitable for diabetes research, different expression patterns for various T1D-related molecules may be expected, depending on the action mechanism of the applied agent. We accelerated diabetes in female NOD mice using STZ or CY and analyzed the expression profiles of TRAIL ligand and receptors throughout disease development. TRAIL ligand expression followed a completely different pattern in STZ- versus CY-accelerated disease, displaying a prominent increase in the former, while appearing at reduced levels in the latter. Decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) expression also increased significantly in the pancreatic islets in STZ-induced disease. Specific increases observed in TRAIL ligand and DcR1 expressions may be part of a defensive strategy of the beta islets against the infiltrating leukocytes, while the immune-suppressive agent CY may partly hold down this defense, contributing further to diabetes development

Nediferencirani karcinom epididimisa

Epididymal tumors are uncommon and usually benign, with only 25% of them being malignant. Undifferentiated epididymal carcinoma in particular is extremely rare. We report on a 54-year-old male patient presented with right testicular pain and scrotal mass for the last 6 months. Laboratory investigations were unremarkable but epididymal biopsy result was epididymal undifferentiated carcinoma. Inguinal radical orchidectomy was performed and pathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the presence of undifferentiated carcinoma. Then, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (four cycles of cisplatin-etoposide chemotherapy and radiotherapy) was administered. After four months, lung metastases were detected and three doses ifosfamide-Adriamycin chemotherapy were given, but the patient died due to the disease progression. Reports of epididymal undifferentiated carcinoma are extremely rare and the present report emphasizes the need of including epididymal undifferentiated carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of an epididymal mass.Tumori epididimisa su rijetki i najčešće dobroćudni te ih je samo 25% zloćudno. Nediferencirani karcinom epididimisa iznimno je rijedak. Opisuje se slučaj 54-godišnjeg muškarca koji je primljen zbog bolova u desnom testisu i tvorbe u skrotumu u posljednjih šest mjeseci. Laboratorijski nalazi bili su normalni, ali je biopsija epididimisa ukazala na nediferencirani karcinom epididimisa. Napravljena je radikalna ingvinalna orhidektomija, a patološko ispitivanje kirurškog uzorka potvrdilo je prisutnost nediferenciranog karcinoma. Tada je bolesniku propisana dodatna kemoradioterapija (četiri ciklusa kemoterapije cisplatin-etoposid i radioterapija). Nakon četiri mjeseca otkrivene su metastaze u plućima, pa je bolesnik primio tri doze kemoterapije ifosfamid-adriamicin, ali je nastupila smrt zbog progresije bolesti. Izvješća o nediferenciranom karcinomu epididimisa iznimno su rijetka, stoga se ovim prikazom slučaja ukazuje na potrebu uključivanja nediferenciranog karcinoma epididimisa u diferencijalnu dijagnostiku novotvorina epididimisa

The Role of Fixed and Mobile Broadband Internet Network on Turkey's Economic Growth: Development of Industry 4.0 May Be an Unmissible Opportunity

11th RSEP International Multidisciplinary Conference -- APR 09-11, 2019 -- Vienna, AUSTRIAWOS: 000471906200005The industry 4.0 notion, which was launched in 2011 and whose effects are still emerging in our country, has been on the agenda of the debates on the economic growth of developed and developing countries. Aside from being ready for industry 4.0, we are going through a period when all countries need to take immediate, direct steps to industry 4.0. At that point, the most significant activity is to ensure that information and communication technologies are accessible to the whole community. Together with the transition to globalization and information society, a period has started in which all participants in the society play an active role in economic growth and development. Accessibility to information technologies is increasingly important after information is cross-border. Both global access to information technology as well as in Turkey is increasing gradually. However, fixed broadband internet access, which is one of the main tools of access to information, is not sufficient and as a result the limitation of access to information arises.Review Socio Econ Perspec

Prediction of concrete elastic modulus using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

The prediction of elastic modulus is one of the fundamental facts of structural engineering studies. The performance of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for predicting the elastic modulus of normal- and high-strength concrete was investigated. Results indicate that the proposed ANFIS modeling approach outperforms the other given models in terms of prediction capability. According to the results, the ANFIS approach is a viable tool for modeling the elastic modulus, as it results in more accurate predictions

Rehabilitation in spinal infection diseases

Spinal cord infections were the diseases defined by Hypocrite yet the absence of modern medicine and there was not a real protocol in rehabilitation although there were many aspects in surgical treatment options. The patients whether surgically or conservatively treated had a lot of neurological, motor, and sensory disturbances. Our clinic has quite experience from our previous researchs. Unfortunately, serious spinal cord infections are still present in our region. In these patients the basic rehabilitation approaches during early, pre-operation, post-operation period and in the home environment will provide significant contributions to improve the patients' sensory and motor skills, develop the balance and proriocaption, increase the independence of patients in daily living activities and minimize the assistance of other people. There is limited information in the literature related with the nature of the rehabilitation programmes to be applied for patients with spinal infections. The aim of this review is to share our clinic experience and summarise the publications about spinal infection rehabilitation. There are very few studies about the rehabilitation of spinal infections. There are still not enough studies about planning and performing rehabilitation programs in these patients. Therefore, a comprehensive rehabilitation programme during the hospitalisation and home periods is emphasised in order to provide optimal management and prevent further disability