Optimizing the regeneration process parameters for forward osmosis to produce clean water at low temperature

One-fifth of the world will face sever water shortage by 2040 as climate change and a growing population pushes up demand. Recently, Qatar water resources are becoming strained and stressed as Qatar only gets seven inches of rain per year. Furthermore, World Resources Institute (WRI) ranked all the countries over the world according to the severity of water crisis and the Middle East was one of the worst regions. Nine countries were considered extremely susceptible and Qatar was ranked as a number 3, after Bahrain and Kuwait. While the country (Qatar) population is growing – as today, 2.5 million residents are forecast to multiply eightfold by 2050. Thermal processes produce more than 90% of desalinated water, where the desalination process is energy intensive, and affecting the environment. The scope of the present work is to develop a process to produce clean water at low operating conditions (temperature Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Permeabilities of CO₂, H₂S and CH₄ through Choline-Based Ionic Liquids: Atomistic-Scale Simulations

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the transport of CO 2 , H 2 S and CH 4 molecules across environmentally friendly choline-benzoate and choline-lactate ionic liquids (ILs). The permeability coefficients of the considered molecules are calculated using the free energy and diffusion rate profiles. Both systems show the largest resistance to CH 4 , whereas more than 5 orders of magnitude larger permeability coefficients are obtained for the other two gas molecules. The CO 2 /CH 4 and H 2 S/CH 4 selectivity was estimated to be more than 10 4 and 10 5 , respectively. These results indicate the great potential of the considered ILs for greenhouse gas control

Enhancing gas loading and reducing energy consumption in acid gas removal systems: A simulation study based on real NGL plant data

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Amine scrubbing with absorption and desorption is the most established technology for Acid Gas Removal (AGR) systems, but suffers from high regeneration energy requirements and, hence offers a good opportunity for more development. A simulation study has been carried out based on a local NGL plant data to evaluate the performance parameters for AGR systems along with energy and utility consumptions for all single alkanolamines (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) as well as the MDEA/PZ amine blend with different concentrations. The ultimate aim of the study is to address the critical industrial limitations in AGR systems, understand the individual performance for each amine under the same conditions and to investigate the Benchmark amine blend (MDEA + PZ) to optimize the absorption process in terms of enhancing acid gas loading and lowering the regeneration energy consumption. Ten cases have been investigated under the same conditions, where MDEA/PZ with 20/10 wt% has shown a better performance among single amines and benchmark amine blend 29/1 wt%; it could save 8% in steam consumption, 45% in cooling water, 62% in Lean Amine Air cooler, 45% in pumping power and 38% in solvent circulation rate, in addition to enhancing acid gas absorption by 67%