Efficient organization of nodes in wireless sensor networks (clustering location-based LEACH)

The rapid development of connected devices and wireless communication has enabled several researchers to study wireless sensor networks and propose methods and algorithms to improve their performance. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of several sensor nodes deployed to collect and transfer data to base station (BS). Sensor node is considered as the main element in this field, characterized by minimal capacities of storage, energy, and computing. In consequence of the important impact of the energy on network lifetime, several researches are interested to propose different mechanisms to minimize energy consumption. In this work, we propose a new enhancement of low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, named clustering location-based LEACH (CLOC-LEACH), which represents a continuity of our previous published work location-based LEACH (LOC-LEACH). The proposed protocol organizes sensor nodes into four regions, using clustering mechanism. In addition, an efficient concept is adopted to choose cluster head. CLOC-LEACH considers the energy as the principal metric to choose cluster heads and uses a gateway node to ensure the inter-cluster communication. The simulation with MATLAB shows that our contribution offers better performance than LEACH and LOC-LEACH, in terms of stability, energy consumption and network lifetime

Coordinated Signal Control System in Urban Road Network

Road congestion has become one of the major problems of urban cities due to the growth in the number of vehicles and the limitation of road infrastructure. The consequences of this congestion can be seen through a difficult movement of vehicles, an increase in CO2 emissions, increasing energy consumption, and stress for drivers. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) based on wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged with new solutions and application potentials in the context of the Intelligent city.  In this article, we study an approach of using a wireless sensor network to control the traffic lights of several intersections and optimize their performance by reducing the average waiting time of users. the proposed adaptive traffic light controller determines the traffic lights sequence in real time based on the current traffic situation at the local intersection, the expected arrivals and the degree of congestion at destination intersections. To evaluate our approach, we construct an intersection network of twenty-four intersections with high traffic intensity using the SUMO simulator, the results of the simulation demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of the proposed algorithm

Comparison of LEACH and PEGASIS Hierarchical Routing Protocols in WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks is a group of sensor nodes dispatched in a geographical area for a defined objective. These sensor nodes are characterized by limited capacity of communicating, computing and especially of energy. The performance of these WSN is resting on a good routing protocol, hence the need to choose the routing protocol able to satisfy the wsn's objectives, and to satisfy the common challenge to prolong network life time.Several routing concepts have been proposed for the WSN, hierarchical routing is one of the most used concepts. It is divided into 3 types: cluster based routing, grid based routing and chain based protocol. In this paper, we are interested to Study, analyse and compare two popular routing protocols for Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) using clusters based concept and Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System (PEGASIS) with chain based concept. The both protocols are simulated with Matlab simulator, in order to evaluate its performances against the different users and the WSNs objectives defined.</p

Coordinated Signal Control System in Urban Road Network

Road congestion has become one of the major problems of urban cities due to the growth in the number of vehicles and the limitation of road infrastructure. The consequences of this congestion can be seen through a difficult movement of vehicles, an increase in CO2 emissions, increasing energy consumption, and stress for drivers. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) based on wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged with new solutions and application potentials in the context of the Intelligent city.  In this article, we study an approach of using a wireless sensor network to control the traffic lights of several intersections and optimize their performance by reducing the average waiting time of users. the proposed adaptive traffic light controller determines the traffic lights sequence in real time based on the current traffic situation at the local intersection, the expected arrivals and the degree of congestion at destination intersections. To evaluate our approach, we construct an intersection network of twenty-four intersections with high traffic intensity using the SUMO simulator, the results of the simulation demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of the proposed algorithm

Impact of Network Topology on Energy Efficiency in WSN

Wireless communication network has a significant success in scientific and industrial communities. Due to its various advantages, this technology is considered as a key element in current network architectures. It represents the architecture that allows to group a large number of sensors to collect information about a physical process in different environments. The gathered data is transmitted to base station which communicates the information to the end user.Several protocols are proposed for WSNs routing, by considering the limited capacities of sensor nodes according to a specific topology that allows to organize the nodes within the network. However, the performance of each routing protocol mainly depends on the application requirements and its results in terms of the lifetime of WSN and satisfaction of objectives defined.According of the structure of WSN, the routing techniques can be divided in three types hierarchical, location-based flat routing. This paper, present the different routing techniques in WSN, based on the organization of nodes in sensor area. We focus specially to study the three types, cluster-based, chain-based and location-based routing techniques. These techniques will be simulated in order to compared their performances with our protocol Location-Based LEACH (LOC-LEACH)

HEGASIS: Hybrid, Energy Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist to group many sensor nodes with limited capacity of energy, communicating and computing. For this reason, conserving energy consumption is the most important design considerations in Wireless Sensor Networks The hierarchical clustering architecture is considered one of the best choices to satisfy this issue. To deal with this, many researchers proposed new hierarchical algorithms or improved some already existing ones. In this article, we propose a new clustering algorithm by combining two existing algorithms; HEED (Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed) using the clustering concept, and PEGASIS (Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems) using the chain concept organization. In our proposal algorithm; the clusters are formed in the first iteration like the HEED concept. After this first step; the nodes belonging to the same cluster form a chain using the greedy algorithm. So that energy dissipation within clusters can be minimized and consequently, the lifetime of the network can be improved

Routing Communication Inside Ad Hoc Drones Network

The world knows a constant development of technology applied in different sectors of activities: health, factories, homes, transportation, and others, one of the big axes that take a lot of attention today is the drone’s field. To communicate information a fleet of drones can use different communication architectures: centralized communication architecture, satellite communication architecture, cellular network communication architecture and a specific AdHoc communication architecture called the UAANET drones architecture. In our work we focused specifically on the routing of information inside the UAANET where we analyze and compare the performances of the reactive protocol AODV and the proactive protocol OLSR, when the UAANET use an applications based on the HTTP protocol, the FTP protocol, the database queries, voice application, and video conferencing application