Bacteriological and Molecular Identification of Thermophilic Campylobacters of Animal and Human Origins in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt

Thermophilic species of the genus Campylobacter are generally considered commensals of livestock and the leading cause of bacterial food-borne zoonoses. The present study was delineated to clarify the role of Campylobacter species as a diarrheagenic pathogen in animals and man and to investigate the fecal carriage rate of Campylobacters in animals and in-contact humans. A total number of 78 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic and non-diarrheic cattle (n=26), sheep (n=28) and humans (n=24). Samples were enriched in Preston broth, followed by streaking on selective Campylobacter agar base medium. The suspected colonies were tested morphologically and biochemically. Campylobacter spp. was recovered from 29 (37.17%) out of 78 fecal samples (34.61%, 42.85% and 33.33%) for cattle, sheep and humans, respectively. Positive correlation between the occurrence of diarrhea and the isolation of Campylobacters was observed in samples of human origin while in adult ruminants particularly sheep, high fecal carriage rate was observed in non-diarrheic animals. The isolates were identified to genus and species levels by polymerase chain reaction targeting the 16S rRNA gene, the mapA gene and the ceuE gene which revealed that all of isolates were Campylobacter jejuni. These findings pose a significant epidemiological implication where cattle and sheep act as vehicles of, and excrete Campylobacter jejuni which is capable of causing disease in the local community in the area of investigation

Public health risk of some milk borne pathogens

AbstractA total of 150 samples of raw milk, 75 each of farm and market milk were collected from different farms and supermarkets in Beni-Suef Governorate, in addition to 30 stool samples from milk handlers and 25 milker's hand swabs were examined for the presence of Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Aeromonas and Yersinia. Isolates were identified biochemically and serologically. The obtained results revealed that E. coli was detected in a percentage of 26.7% and 16% in the examined raw market and bulk farm milk respectively, while in stool and hand swabs samples were 16.6% and 16%, respectively. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. failed to be detected in any of the examined samples. Additionally, 45% and 16.7% of the recovered E. coli strains from the examined raw market and farm milk samples were enteropathogenic O166, while 55% and 83.3 were untypable, respectively. On the other hand 60% of human stool samples isolates were O 148 and 40% of the isolates were untypable, while 100% of the hand swab isolates were untypable. The results also exhibits isolation rate of Aeromonas hydrophila in a percentage of 24%, 13.3%, 10% and 16% from market milk, farm milk samples, stool and hand swabs respectively. While Yersinea enterocolitica represent 3.3% in the stool samples only. The public health significance of isolated strains as well as suggested control measures were discussed

Serological identification and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from broiler carcasses and human stools in Beni-Suef, Egypt

The present study was designed in order to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in broiler carcasses and human stools in Beni-Suef province (Egypt). Also, the serological identification and testing of the antimicrobial resistance/susceptibility of the isolates have been done. The obtained results revealed that the prevalence of Salmonella in broiler meat, skin, and pooled giblets (liver, gizzard, and heart) was 76, 80, and 64%, respectively, while in the case of human stools the percentage of positive samples represented 4%. The predominant serotype in broiler carcasses was Salmonella Infantis (56.36%) followed by Salmonella Kentucky (25.45%), and then Salmonella Enteritidis with a percentage of 5.45%. However, two serotypes of each of Salmonella Ferruch, Salmonella Kottbus, and Salmonella Virchow were identified out of 55 Salmonella isolates, while the only isolate found in human stool samples was serotyped as Salmonella Infantis. The results of antimicrobial resistance/susceptibility highlighted the existence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) by several strains of Salmonella

Molecular, Antibiogram Characterization and Assessment Biocidal Potency of Some Essential Oils in Combating the Virulent Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Different

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a food-borne bacterium responsible for several clinical infections in animals and humans. This study aimed to isolate E. coli from feces and milk in a dairy farm along with urine samples gathered from workers managing these animals. Serological, molecular characterization and evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of routinely used antibiotics were assessed. Finally, finding a way to overcome high resistance of E. coli using some essential oils, thyme, peppermint, capsaicin, orange, green tea, tea tree and onion oils. Samples (n=610) were collected from feces, milk and urine. E. coli was significantly found in 44.87, 22.2, and 28.4%, respectively at X2=348.467, P>0.001. Serologically, O86 was the prominent serotype and O55 found in milk and feces. Also, O44, O128 and O111 serotypes denoted in milk. While O91 and O78 noticed in urine only. Genetically, quorum-related gene (Luxs) was amplified in all isolates. In nearly all traits, pathotype (Chua, YjaA, TspE4c2) and virulent (Iss, IutA, Tsh) gene markers were observed. Also, there was considerable multidrug resistance at P>0.001 in human and animal strains. It was obvious that tea tree oil was significantly showed antimicrobial efficiency whereas, thyme oil was ineffective in inhibiting development of E. coli. It was concluded that the existence of virulent and quorum determinants in E. coli of animals and humans is a noteworthy prospect for the public health concern of cow's milk and feces. Furthermore, the inhibitory and biocidal elements of essential oils are a realistic technique for eliminating resistant E. coli