Garantía de la calidad y acreditación en la región árabe

Desde la década de 1990, la calidad y la garantía de la calidad se han convertido en temas clave de la educación superior en muchos países de todo el mundo. La región árabe no es una excepción. Cada vez son más las personas que se interesan por la producción o los resultados de las instituciones de educación superior y por si la sociedad obtiene un valor real a cambio de sus inversiones en educación superior.Peer Reviewe

An Explorative Study On Pharmaceutical Care Practice From The Perspective Of Pharmacists In Malaysia [RM300. B114 2008 f rb].

Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneroka dan mengumpul informasi dasar yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan praktis penjagaan farmaseutikal (PC) di Malaysia. The objectives of this research were to explore and gather baseline information that is necessary for the implementation of pharmaceutical care (PC) practice in Malaysia

Adjusting for cross-over in a trial with survival end-points

We consider a two-group clinical trial with a survival outcome, in which some subjects may 'cross over' to receive the treatment of the other arm. Our command strbee adjusts for treatment cross-over in one or both arms. This is done by a randomization-respecting method which preserves the intention-to-treat P-value.

The Risk for Boys from Poor Communities to Drop out from School: The Case of Khartoum, Sudan

In the current world, poverty and education are interconnected. Low level of education is the cause of poverty, as extreme forms of poverty do not allow many children to get a good education. This study investigates the risk factors that significantly increase the likelihood of pupils dropping out of school in Khartoum, Sudan. To accomplish the research, two factors are selected, namely absenteeism and low performance of pupils from poor, disadvantaged communities. A comprehensive interviewing is used to collect the necessary primary data along with the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) data. The life of pupils is characterised by multi-dimensional poverty apace with illiteracy, displacement and large family size, parents' engagement in low paid jobs. The pupils presented multiple reasons (related to poverty) for their absenteeism and low performance. The results indicate that pupils are not clear with their future perspectives whether to drop out of the school or to continue their studies. The study concludes that poverty is the main reason for absenteeism and low performance that increases the likelihood of pupils dropping out of school

Behaviour and fate of pesticides in plant-soil systems

No abstract available

UTILIZATION OF FOUR SUDANESE WILD FRUITS TO PRODUCE NECTARS

Doum (Hyphaene thebaica L), kirkir (Randia geipaeflora), karmadoda (Naucleae latifolia) and godeim (Grewia tenax) are some of the indigenous fruits in Sudan. The aim of this investigation is to process nectars from the edible part of these fruits. Doum and kirkir fruits were soaked in water in variable ratios for different durations of time to obtain the highest total soluble solids, total solids and total extractable matter. The pulps of karmadoda and godeim fruits were obtained mechanically by adding water, blanching and pulping with pulper machine. Results showed that soaking of doum and kirkir fruits at ratios 1: 4/2 h and 1: 4/8 h, respectively, were the most appropriate methods for extraction. The total solids (TS) obtained were 10.61 and 10.32 %, total soluble solids (TSS) 10.50 and 9.50%, and the total extractable matters (TEM) were 26.06 and 23.69%, respectively. However, blanching karmadoda fruit in water at a ratio of 1: 2/10 min gave total solids of 5.63% and total soluble solids of 5.00%. The nectars made were subjected to organoleptic evaluation. The results suggested that processing of nectars from forest fruits by direct extraction gave excellent sensory characteristics for human consumption

An Explorative study on pharmaceutical care practice from the perspective of pharmacists in Malaysia

Objektif ka_jian ini adalah untuk meneroka dan mengumpul informasi dasar yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan praktis penjagaan farmaseutikal (PC) di Malaysia. The objectives of this research were to explore and gather baseline information that is necessary for the implementation of pharmaceutical care (PC) practice in Malaysia

Clinical Progression Rates by CD4 Cell Category Before and After the Initiation of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART)

OBJECTIVE: Rates of AIDS defining event (ADE), serious ADE and death by CD4 and HIV RNA categories before and after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation are lacking for high CD4 counts. METHODS: Event rates were estimated within CD4 cell strata using a Poisson regression model adjusting for sex, exposure category, age, and current HIV RNA (<4, 4-4.99, > or =5 log copies/ml), and including an interaction term between the CD4 cell count and cART indicator. RESULTS: 7317 and 6376 persons contributed to "naïve " and "cART " groups respectively, of whom 3911 contributed to both. At the same CD4 level, the risk of ADE was nearly 2 fold higher during naive follow-up compared to cART for CD4 <500 cells/mm(3). However, after adjustment for current HIV RNA, the risk of ADE became similar for both groups except for CD4 count <200 cells/mm(3) when it is 35% (6-72%) higher for naives. The same results were observed for the risk of serious ADE. There was no evidence of a difference in risk of death between naive and cART follow-up at specific CD4 categories even after adjustment for HIV RNA. CONCLUSION: Within CD4 cell strata above 200 cells/mm(3), the risk of ADE before ART initiation is higher than it is following cART initiation