Bosutinib for pretreated patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: Primary results of the phase 4 BYOND study

Bosutinib is approved for newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and for Ph+ CP, accelerated (AP), or blast (BP) phase CML after prior treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In the ongoing phase 4 BYOND study (NCT02228382), 163 CML patients resistant/intolerant to prior TKIs (n = 156 Ph+ CP CML, n = 4 Ph+ AP CML, n = 3 Ph-negative/BCR-ABL1+ CML) received bosutinib 500 mg once daily (starting dose). As of ≥1 year after last enrolled patient (median treatment duration 23.7 months), 56.4% of Ph+ CP CML patients remained on bosutinib. Primary endpoint of cumulative confirmed major cytogenetic response (MCyR) rate by 1 year was 75.8% in Ph+ CP CML patients after one or two prior TKIs and 62.2% after three prior TKIs. Cumulative complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) rates by 1 year were 80.6% and 70.5%, respectively, in Ph+ CP CML patients overall. No patient progressed to AP/BP on treatment. Across all patients, the most common treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea (87.7%), nausea (39.9%), and vomiting (32.5%). The majority of patients had confirmed MCyR by 1 year and MMR by 1 year, further supporting bosutinib use for Ph+ CP CML patients resistant/intolerant to prior TKIs

A Novel 3D Evaluation of the Correlation Between the Condylar Position and Angle Classification in a Lebanese Population: A Pilot Study

Résumé Introduction : L’articulation temporo-mandibulaire (ATM) est l’une des articulations les plus complexes. Sa morphologie varie selon les individus, et même entre les côtés gauche et droit. Plusieurs études ont démontré une relation significative entre certaines caractéristiques occlusales et la morphologie articulaire. La tomodensitométrie à faisceau conique (CBCT) est actuellement la modalité la plus largement adoptée pour l’examen de l’ATM. Objectif : Cette étude vise à comparer, dans une cohorte Libanaise, l’espace interarticulaire avec les différentes classes d’Angle en utilisant le CBCT. Méthodologie : Une analyse rétrospective a été menée sur des images CBCT réalisées à l’Université Saint Joseph de Beyrouth sur une période de 1 an, entre 2021 et 2022. Quatre valeurs de clairance ont été sélectionnées, représentant la distance minimale entre l’os temporal et le condyle mandibulaire qui définit l’espace interarticulaire : 0,5 mm, 1 mm, 1,5 mm et 2 mm. Pour chaque valeur choisie, nous avons recherché la présence ou non d’une surface visible. Cette surface correspond à la zone du condyle ayant une distance du condyle à l’os temporal inférieure ou égale à la valeur choisie. Résultats : Vingt-neuf patients âgés de 12 à 60 ans ont été inclus ; 12 (41 %) étaient des hommes et 17 (59 %) des femmes. Les 48 images CBCT (23 du côté droit et 25 du côté gauche) ont été réparties en trois groupes selon la classification d’Angle : classe I (n = 14), classe II (n = 29) et classe III (n = 5). Pour une distance de [0 mm ;0,5 mm ;1mm et 1,5mm] correspondent des surfaces de valeurs nulles. Pour un intervalle compris entre [1,5 – 2mm] correspond une surface de 18,8 mm2 pour les sujets de classe I, 16,6 mm2 pour les sujets de classe II, et 30,5 mm2 pour les sujets de classe III. Les résultats n’ont pas montré de corrélation statistiquement significative entre l’espace interarticulaire et les différentes classes d’Angle. Conclusion : L’évaluation tridimensionnelle de la position condylienne par CBCT a montré qu’il n’existe pas de corrélation entre les espaces interarticulaires et les différentes classes d’Angle. Mots clés : position condylienne ; classification d’Angle ; occlusion ; CBCT ; tomodensitométrie. Abstract Introduction: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex joints. Its morphology varies between individuals, and even between the left and right sides. Several studies have found a significant relation between certain occlusal features and joint morphology. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging is currently the most widely adopted modality for the examination of the TMJ. Objective: This study aimed to compare the joint space in a Lebanese cohort with different Angle classification using CBCT. Methodology: We retrospectively analyzed CBCT images performed at the Saint Joseph University of Beirut in Lebanon, over a period of 1 year, between 2021 and 2022. Four clearance values were selected, representing the minimum distance between the temporal bone and the mandibular condyle that defines the joint space: 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm. For each value chosen, we looked for the presence or not of a visible surface. This surface corresponds to the area of the condyle with a distance from the condyle to the temporal bone less than or equal to the chosen value. Results: Twenty-nine patients aged between 12 and 60 years old were included; 12 (41%) were males and 17 (59%) females. We classified 48 CBCT images (23 on the right side and 25 on the left side) into three groups according to Angle’s classification: class I (n=14), class II (n=29), and class III (n=5). For a distance of [0-1.5 mm] corresponded a surface of 0 mm2. For the interval between [1.5-2 mm] corresponded a surface of 18,8 mm2 for class I subjects, 16,6 mm2 for class II, and 30,5 mm2 for class III. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the articular spaces and the different types of occlusion. Conclusion: The three-dimensional evaluation of the condylar position by CBCT showed that there are no significant differences between the joint spaces and the different types of occlusion according to Angle’s classification. Keywords: condylar position; Angle classification; occlusion; CBCT

Age of acquisition of 299 words in seven languages: American English, Czech, Gaelic, Lebanese Arabic, Malay, Persian and Western Armenian

We present a new set of subjective Age of Acquisition (AoA) ratings for 299 words (158 nouns, 141 verbs) in seven languages from various language families and cultural settings: American English, Czech, Scottish Gaelic, Lebanese Arabic, Malaysian Malay, Persian, and Western Armenian. The ratings were collected from a total of 173 participants and were highly reliable in each language. We applied the same method of data collection as used in a previous study on 25 languages which allowed us to create a database of fully comparable AoA ratings of 299 words in 32 languages. We found that in the seven languages not included in the previous study, the words are estimated to be acquired at roughly the same age as in the previously reported languages, i.e. mostly between the ages of 1 and 7 years. We also found that the order of word acquisition is moderately to highly correlated across all 32 languages, which extends our previous conclusion that early words are acquired in similar order across a wide range of languages and cultures

Insights into the role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in graft-versus-host disease

Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (allo-HCT) is a curative therapy for a variety of hematologic malignancies, primarily through immune-mediated clearance of malignant cells. This graft