Multi Media Strategy in Teaching a Comprehensive Nursing Care Unit in CCU Wards:An Effective Solution At the Time of the Outbreak of COVID-19

Background and Objective: With the outbreak of COVID-19 and  teaching a comprehensive nursing care in Navid system of Babol Medical Science University. A survey was conducted to determine the effective strategy in teaching the comprehensive care in intensive care units as an effective solution. Methods: The present study was descriptive and was conducted in the research community of sixth semester nursing students of Ramsar College. samples were 31 student. Three software ( reading ECG, dialysis and multimedia pacemaker), the multimedia films that the teacher produced from his PowerPoint and Also downloaded videos that have been translated into Persian, All were uploaded to the system. WhatsApp program was also used during teaching. Finally, students' satisfaction was assessed with a Likert form. Findings: 31 students participated in this study. Application of multimedia strategy with the learning rate of the samples showed a significant direct relationship( P = 0.78). Satisfaction with the application of this strategy in education was 81. 82.8 of students were dissatisfied with the weakness of the Internet in their homes in receiving messages and content. Sound quality and design of the loading content of over 90 percent were satisfied. Conclusion: E-learning as a flexible method, which provides access to multimedia and attractive educational content for nursing students and nurses at any time and place, is also one of the most effective educational methods in the era of coronavirus

The Role of Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with advanced age, is the most common cause of dementia globally. AD is characterised by cognitive dysfunction, deposition of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuro-inflammation. Inflammation of the brain is a key pathological hallmark of AD. Thus, clinical and immunopathological evidence of AD could be potentially supported by inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, the complement system, acute phase proteins and oxidative mediators. In particular, oxidative mediators may actively contribute to the progression of AD and on-going inflammation in the brain. This review provides an overview of the functions and activities of inflammatory mediators in AD. An improved understanding of inflammatory processes and their role in AD is needed to improve therapeutic research aims in the field of AD and similar diseases

DataSheet1_Commentary: Association between the miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility in an Asian population.ZIP

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The Relationship Between Loneliness and Nutritional Status in Older People Living in Ramsar City

Background and Aims: loneliness has some implications for health. The relationship between loneliness and nutritional status requires careful and principled investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between loneliness and nutritional status of the elderly. Methods: 440 elderly 60 years and older individuals from Social Security Administration, Education Retirees Association, and Health Center were selected randomly Descriptive-Analytical study in 2018. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, UCLA loneliness scale (20-80 Score in four levels; without loneliness, low, moderate and high) and mini nutritional assessment (0-30 score at three levels of malnutrition, at risk of malnutrition and normal nutritional status). Results: The Mean ± SD age for the participants was 65.32(6.22). The relationship between nutritional status and loneliness of 68 elderly people without feeling alone (< 20), 85.3% had normal nutritional status, of 317 elderly people with low loneliness (39- 21), 80.4% had normal nutritional status. Of 52 elderly people with moderate loneliness (59-40), 63.5% were at risk of malnutrition. Loneliness in the elderly was significantly associated with an increased risk of malnutrition (OR = 4.2276, P = 0.00). Conclusion: According to the felling of loneliness, more than half of the elderly and the reverse connection between the feelings of loneliness with the state of nutrition, holding free consultation classes in order to reduce the feeling of retired elderly loneliness by the politicians of the health system

Comparative evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis counts in different tapers of rotary system and irrigation fluids: An ex vivo study

Background: Bacteria and their by-products are etiological factors for the failure of endodontic treatment. Reduction of root canal bacterial contamination is one of the chief aims of root canal therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different rotary file tapers and two irrigation fluids on Enterococcus faecalis counts. Materials and Methods: In this ex vivo study Root canals of 72 human upper lateral incisors were enlarged to ISO #20 K-file. Then, the samples were sterilized and inoculated with E. faecalis for 72 h, divided into six experimental groups and prepared with #30 Flexmaster files with 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 tapers and two different irrigation solutions such as normal saline and sodium hypochlorite. The control group (n = 10) was subdivided into two groups with or without bacterial inoculation and no mechanical instrumentation. Cleaning efficacy was evaluated in terms of the reduction of colony forming units (CFUs). T-test, ANOVA, Duncan, and Tukey tests were applied to the groups. A significant level of α = 0.05 was set for comparison between the groups. Results: The canals instrumented with 0.06 taper exhibited greater significant reduction in CFUs compared to canals instrumented with 0.04 and 0.02 taper (P 0.05). Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, root canal preparation with greater taper resulted in canal cleanliness and better debridement

An estimation of steroid responsiveness of idiopathic nephritic syndrome in Iranian children

Objective: Idiopathic Nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most common form of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children with the potential of progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). INS is steroid-responsive in most children, but not all patients respond to it The aim of this study was to determine the rate of steroid responsiveness in children with INS that referred to Children′s Medical Center since 1995 to 2007. Methods: In as a cross sectional study, the medical records of all children with INS aged 1 to 15 years who were referred to our referral hospital was reviewed. All patients with onset of disease less than 1 year of age, spontaneous remission, secondary forms of NS associated with systemic diseases, and follow up duration of less than 12 months were excluded from the study. Patients were categorized into 6 groups: Group 1 needed biopsy prior to any treatment, group 2 non-relapsing NS, group 3 infrequently relapsing NS, Group 4 frequently relapsing NS, group 5 steroid dependent NS and group 6 steroid resistant NS. Findings: A total of 238 patients were enrolled in the study. Kidney biopsy was performed in 79 cases. Minimal change lesion (MCL) was the most common (36.7%) pathological diagnosis. Steroid responsiveness was found in 81.5% of all cases including: 96% of MCL (consisting of biopsy proven cases and presumed ones), 32% of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, 73% of diffuse mesangial proliferation and 58% of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis patients. During minimal follow up period of 12 months, there were 194 patients in remission, 32 patients with active NS, and 12 patients in ESRD. Conclusion: Our study results showed that 81.5% of all patients, 96.2% of MCL and 32% of FSGS patients initially responded to steroid therapy

The Role of Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with advanced age, is the most common cause of dementia globally. AD is characterised by cognitive dysfunction, deposition of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuro-inflammation. Inflammation of the brain is a key pathological hallmark of AD. Thus, clinical and immunopathological evidence of AD could be potentially supported by inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, the complement system, acute phase proteins and oxidative mediators. In particular, oxidative mediators may actively contribute to the progression of AD and on-going inflammation in the brain. This review provides an overview of the functions and activities of inflammatory mediators in AD. An improved understanding of inflammatory processes and their role in AD is needed to improve therapeutic research aims in the field of AD and similar diseases