A REVIEW OF CINNAMON AS A POTENT ANTICANCER DRUG

ABSTRACTCinnamon is one of the most popular and oldest spices. Several recent studies have found that cinnamon also has anticancer activity. The present workhas reported the antineoplastic potential of the spice cinnamon in cancer. Collectively, these data suggest that cinnamon could be proposed as a potentanticancer drug. The bibliographic investigation was carried out during January 2004-December 2014 by analyzing journals and peer-reviewedpapers from the last decades. Peer-reviewed articles were indexed by Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar. Only relevant studies published in Englishwere considered. There were 24 articles that reported the cytotoxic activity of cinnamon on all culture cell lines. About 8 species of Cinnamomum havebeen isolated with their active compounds for cancer cell lines. Based on the reviews of those articles, we conclude that cinnamon has the potentialto be further developed as an anticancer agent. In further development, however, not only the research for investigating the anticancer activities, butalso research for investigating the safety of cinnamon to the normal cell need to be performed.Keywords: Review, Cinnamon, Anticancer, Cinnamomum species, Cell lines

GAS CHROMATOGRAPH-MASS SPECTROMETER ANALYSIS AND ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY OF CINNAMOMUM BURMANNII., NESS EX BL. ESSENTIAL OIL

ABSTRACTObjective: Cinnamomum burmannii Nees Ex Bl. essential oil has cytotoxic effect on a lot of cancer cell lines. An investigation was carried out to analyzethe possible chemical components from C. burmannii essential oil and evaluate its acute toxicity, before an effective formulation of C. burmanniiessential oil as anticancer drugs.Methods: This study was analyzed chemical components from C. burmannii essential oil by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) andevaluated the acute oral toxicities of C. burmannii essential oil in strain Balb/C mice. Results: This analysis revealed that C. burmannii essential oil contains the active compound cinnamaldehyde (71.814%), trans-cinnamyl acetate(11.09%), coumarin (3.41%), and cineol (1.77%). Acute oral toxicity of C. burmannii essential oil with lethal dose 50 3679.11 mg/kg BW.Conclusion: C. burmannii essential oil contains the active compound cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamyl acetate, coumarin and cineol. Acute oral toxicityconclusively indicates C. burmannii essential oil includes category 5 practically non-toxic.Keywords: Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, Cinnamomum burmannii, Essential oil, Acute toxicity

Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Pinang (Areca catechu) dan Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanni)

The areca plant (Areca cathecu) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) haveanticancer properties. The aim of this research is to know the cytotoxic effect of Areca catechuof ethanol extract on T47D breast cancer cell culture and Cinnamomum burmannii leaves ofethanol extract on WiDr colon cancer cell culture.The obtained simplicia macerated to obtain ethanol extract of pinang peel and cinnamonleaves. The method used in testing cytotoxic activity was MTT (3- [4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl] -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) to obtain IC50 values.The results showed that ethanol extract of pinang peel and cinnamon leaf did not havecytotoxic effect on T47D culture with IC50 467,34 μg/mL and on WiDr culture with IC50 405,69μg/ml.Tanaman pinang (Areca cathecu) dan kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) adalahtanaman tradisional yang diduga memiliki khasiat sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini dimaksudkanuntuk mengetahui efek sitotoksik dari ekstrak etanol kulit buah pinang (Areca catechu) terhadapkultur sel kanker payudara T47D & ekstrak etanol daun kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii)terhadap kultur sel kanker kolon WiDrSimplisia yang diperoleh selanjutnya dimaserasi untuk memperoleh ekstrak etanol kulitbuah pinang dan daun kayu manis. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengujian aktifitas sitotoksikadalah MTT (3-[4,5-dimetilthiazol-2yl]-2, 5-difeniltetrazolium bromide) untuk mendapatkan nilaiIC50 .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah pinang tidak memiliki efeksitotoksik terhadap kultur T47D dan memiliki nilai IC50 467, 34 μg/mL. Ekstrak daun kulit kayumanis tidak memiliki efek sitotoksik terhadap kultur WiDr dan memiliki nilai IC50 405,69 μg/ml