5 research outputs found

    A Markov deterioration model for predicting recurrent maintenance of a network of roads: a case study of Niger state, Nigeria.

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    The parameters of the Markov chain model for predicting the condition of the聽road at a design 路 period for路 the flexible pavement failures of wheel track聽rutting, cracks and pot holes were developed for the Niger State路 road network聽. in Nigeria. Twelve sampled candidate roads were each subjected to standard聽inventory, traffic count and pavement condition study, whose outcome聽together with the temperature and rainfall characteristics. were used to聽generate a computerized data base. A Markov transition probabilistic model聽路 (TPM) was subsequently developed. The prevailing condition of each of the聽three selected parameters were set out in five severity bands and established聽intervention levels in respect of proportional distribution of the failures across聽the three geo . political maintenance zones of the network. The TPM was聽developed by adopting Costello (2005) respective criteria for Mediterranean聽and cold region climate and weather. The relevance of the outcome for聽stochastic analysis and design of budget for recurrent maintenance of a road聽network was highlighted in the paper.KeYWords: large路 and complex system,路 condition deterioration, Markov.聽chain, transition probability matrix

    Removal of Heavy Metals from Waste Water by using Various Adsorbents- A Review

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