Treatment of Lower-GI Post-Surgical Fistulas With the Over-the-Scope Clip

AbstractPost-surgical colorectal leaks and fistulas are severe complications that dramatically increase morbidity and mortality. Over-the-scope clip (OTSC) application, introduced in clinical practice in 2007, represents an innovative technique to seal the visceral wall for acute and chronic colorectal post-surgical leaks and fistula management. Endoscopic closure of colorectal post-surgical leaks and fistulas with OTSC is a safe technique that accomplishes a high success rate in both acute and chronic cases, including rectovaginal, rectovesical, and colocutaneous fistulas. Overall success rate is higher than 80%, as reported in the literature, in both acute and chronic situations. No OTSC-related complications have been described in the lower gastrointestinal tract so far. This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia

A QoS framework for heterogeneous networking

In order for next generation networks to support effective handover procedures, there is a need for defining QoS signaling mechanisms that guarantee the provision of point- to- point as well as network level QoS. This paper proposes a QoS signaling mechanism to be implemented by the Y-Comm architecture as a potential 4G framework. The proposed mechanism requires certain level of cooperation among network elements; therefore, it proposes some functional modules/ interfaces to be run on different network entities. As showed in the paper, the proposed mechanism could be implemented in different scenarios such as initial registration and connection, and also in the case of handover

Search for a simultaneous signal from small transient events in the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Tupi muon telescopes

We present results of a search for a possible signal from small scale solar transient events (such as flares and interplanetary shocks) as well as possible counterparts to Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) observed simultaneously by the Tupi muon telescope Niteroi-Brazil, 22.90S, 43.20W, 3 m above sea level) and the Pierre Auger Observatory surface detectors (Malargue-Argentina, 69.30S, 35.30W, altitude 1400 m). Both cosmic ray experiments are located inside the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region. Our analysis of several examples shows similarities in the behavior of the counting rate of low energy (above 100 MeV) particles in association with the solar activity (solar flares and interplanetary shocks). We also report an observation by the Tupi experiment of the enhancement of muons at ground level with a significance higher than 8 sigma in the 1-sec binning counting rate (raw data) in close time coincidence (T-184 sec) with the Swift-BAT GRB110928B (trigger=504307). The GRB 110928B coordinates are in the field of view of the vertical Tupi telescope, and the burst was close to the MAXI source J1836-194. The 5-min muon counting rate in the vertical Tupi telescope as well as publicly available data from Auger (15 minutes averages of the scaler rates) show small peaks above the background fluctuations at the time following the Swift-BAT GRB 110928B trigger. In accordance with the long duration trigger, this signal can possibly suggest a long GRB, with a precursor narrow peak at T-184 sec.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figure