Ernst von Dohnányi’s Winterreigen, Op. 13

This document examines Ernst von Dohnányi's Winterreigen suite, Op. 13, a set of ten short character pieces for solo piano, composed in 1905. Dohnányi's musical and compositional background is considered, along with the immediate historical context of the suite and Dohnányi's personal motivation for the work. Extramusical components of the suite are explored first, and each of the ten pieces in the suite is given a brief formal and harmonic analysis. Cyclic elements of the suite as a whole are then brought out, including key relationships, motivic recurrences, and extramusical narrative. Pedagogical and performance notes are also given. Dohnányi's work serves as a retrospective to the Romanticism of the 19th century, in stark contrast to the emerging modernism that surrounded its composition

Cellular Uptake of Carbon Nanodots in THP-1 Human Monocytes

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Many types of treatment options are currently available but include side effects that inhibit quality living for many people. Carbon nanodots are novel carbon nanoparticles with sizes below 10 nanometers and have appeared in the world of nanoparticles over the past decade. Their many features which include green synthesis methods, good biocompatibility, unique luminescence properties, and particularly their low toxicity have made them an attractive option in biomedical research approaches. In biomedical research, it is important to examine the effects of carbon nanodots on cellular uptake to determine the safety of these nanoparticles for further treatments in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we researched the cellular uptake of carbon nanodots in THP-1 human monocytes using Bio-Tek synergy fluorimeter. The results showed a dose-dependent increase in cellular internalization of carbon nanodots after thesethe dose- and time- dependent treatments in THP-1 cells. Our results may help guide further research studies on the potential biomedical application of carbon nanodots in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

An assessment of the interest of executives of manufacturing firms in employer-sponsored child care centers

Women are entering the labor market in increasing numbers and remaining there even after the arrival of children in die family. If the mother is employed outside the home, arrangements must be made for the care of the children left at home. This study was designed to ascertain, by means of a questionnaire, whether or not industrial firms in North Carolina were providing child care facilities for the children of working mothers as an employee benefit and whether or not industrial firms would be interested in receiving information pertaining to a modular mobile child care center and its implications for use by industry. The firms chosen to receive the questionnaire were selected from the North Carolina Directory if Manufacturing Firms, 1968. The results revealed that only four firms were operating child care centers and that 60 per cent of the respondents indicated an interest in learning about the modular mobile center. The findings also indicated that a relationship existed between the number of female employees and the response to the questionnaire

Causal attributions and task persistence of learned-helpless and mastery-oriented sixth graders in math, physical education, and reading

The purpose of this Investigation was to document the existence and study the globalness of the learned-helpless phenomenon among sixth graders. Students were Identified as learned helpless or mastery oriented based on their scores on a modified form of the Intellectual Achievement Responsibility CIAR) Scale (Crandall, Katkovsky, & Crandall, 1965) and ratings from their math, physical education, and reading teachers. A total of 23 students were identified and Included in the study from a populations of 197. This sample included 11 students classified as learned helpless (7 male and 4 female) and 12 students classified as mastery oriented (7 male and 5 female)

Children's learning and memorization experiences at home and at school : a survey of parents, teachers, and children

The schooling hypothesis equates children's cognitive development during the elementary school years with the acquisition of internally directed, self-monitored, and strategic cognitive behavior. This age-related transition to the use of deliberate and planful cognitive strategies has been ascribed to a change in the educational requirements that young children must adhere to as the school begins to take on increasing responsibility for their educational progress

Child care on the move : a modular mobile child care center

The number of mothers entering the labor market In the United States has increased steadily over the past decade. Providing adequate care for the children of these women is a societal problem. Child care services are expensive for the consumer and the provider of services. One of the largest initial items of expense is the cost of a facility. It was the purpose of this study to design, arrange for the manufacture of, equip with examples of appropriate educational materials, and exhibit to the public a modular mobile child care center that would be functional, esthetically appealing, economical, and also would meet local, state, and federal regulations pertaining to schools for young children. The study was designated Project Child Care

Student Engagement

Over the past nine years, the Grace E. Harris Leadership Program has developed seven projects commonly grouped under the topic of Student Engagement. The projects reflect different approaches to school spirit generation, student retention, student mentoring and student financial aid. Of the seven projects that our team reviewed, six were implemented or partially implemented, as indicated by the *. It was not uncommon to see GEHLI team ideas incorporated into unrelated University initiative(s), basically achieving the goals of the project, but without the team involvement

The variability of song variability in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) populations

Birdsong is a classic example of a learned social behaviour. Song behaviour is also influenced by genetic factors, and understanding the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences remains a major goal. In this study, we take advantage of captive zebra finch populations to examine variation in a population-level song trait: song variability. Song variability is of particular interest in the context of individual recognition and in terms of the neuro-developmental mechanisms that generate song novelty. We find that the Australian zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata castanotis (TGC) maintains higher song diversity than the Timor zebra finch T. g. guttata (TGG) even after experimentally controlling for early life song exposure, suggesting a genetic basis to this trait. Although wild-derived TGC were intermediate in song variability between domesticated TGC populations and TGG, the difference between domesticated and wild TGC was not statistically significant. The observed variation in song behaviour among zebra finch populations represents a largely untapped opportunity for exploring the mechanisms of social behaviour

Global parameter search reveals design principles of the mammalian circadian clock

Background: Virtually all living organisms have evolved a circadian (~24 hour) clock that controls physiological and behavioural processes with exquisite precision throughout the day/night cycle. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which generates these ~24 h rhythms in mammals, consists of several thousand neurons. Each neuron contains a gene-regulatory network generating molecular oscillations, and the individual neuron oscillations are synchronised by intercellular coupling, presumably via neurotransmitters. Although this basic mechanism is currently accepted and has been recapitulated in mathematical models, several fundamental questions about the design principles of the SCN remain little understood. For example, a remarkable property of the SCN is that the phase of the SCN rhythm resets rapidly after a 'jet lag' type experiment, i.e. when the light/ dark (LD) cycle is abruptly advanced or delayed by several hours. Results: Here, we describe an extensive parameter optimization of a previously constructed simplified model of the SCN in order to further understand its design principles. By examining the top 50 solutions from the parameter optimization, we show that the neurotransmitters' role in generating the molecular circadian rhythms is extremely important. In addition, we show that when a neurotransmitter drives the rhythm of a system of coupled damped oscillators, it exhibits very robust synchronization and is much more easily entrained to light/dark cycles. We were also able to recreate in our simulations the fast rhythm resetting seen after a 'jet lag' type experiment. Conclusion: Our work shows that a careful exploration of parameter space for even an extremely simplified model of the mammalian clock can reveal unexpected behaviours and non-trivial predictions. Our results suggest that the neurotransmitter feedback loop plays a crucial role in the robustness and phase resetting properties of the mammalian clock, even at the single neuron level

War of Ontology Worlds: Mathematics, Computer Code, or Esperanto?

The use of structured knowledge representations—ontologies and terminologies—has become standard in biomedicine. Definitions of ontologies vary widely, as do the values and philosophies that underlie them. In seeking to make these views explicit, we conducted and summarized interviews with a dozen leading ontologists. Their views clustered into three broad perspectives that we summarize as mathematics, computer code, and Esperanto. Ontology as mathematics puts the ultimate premium on rigor and logic, symmetry and consistency of representation across scientific subfields, and the inclusion of only established, non-contradictory knowledge. Ontology as computer code focuses on utility and cultivates diversity, fitting ontologies to their purpose. Like computer languages C++, Prolog, and HTML, the code perspective holds that diverse applications warrant custom designed ontologies. Ontology as Esperanto focuses on facilitating cross-disciplinary communication, knowledge cross-referencing, and computation across datasets from diverse communities. We show how these views align with classical divides in science and suggest how a synthesis of their concerns could strengthen the next generation of biomedical ontologies