Anticoccidial efficacy of drinking water soluble diclazuril in the control of Eimeria acervulina oocysts on experimentally-infected broiler chickens

The experiment was carried out with 150 Cobb broiler chickens divided into 3 groups with 50 birds each. The groups of infected chickens orally received 1ml of inoculum containing 3x103 Eimeria acervulina sporulated oocysts at 12 days of age. Group 1 was kept as a positive control with infected non-medicated birds, group 2 was medicated with diclazuril (1%) with a dose of 1mL/4 L of drinking water for 2 successive days, 5 days after infection, while group 3 was kept as negative control with non-infected and non-medicated birds. Oocysts count per gram of feces, score of macroscopic intestinal lesions and weight gain were evaluated. The group treated with diclazuril showed significant and satisfactory improvement in the assessment criteria when compared to the infected non-medicated group. The results revealed more reduction in the total oocyst count and intestinal lesion score in the medicated than in the infected non-treated group. The results confirmed that (1%) liquid diclazuril is effective to control Eimeria infection

Efeito antagônico de fungos predadores dos gêneros Monacrosporium, Arthrobotrys e Duddingtonia sobre larvas infectantes de Cooperia sp. e Oesophagostomum sp. Antagonistic effect of nematophagous fungi Monacrosporium, Arthrobotrys and Duddingtonia on infective Cooperia sp. and Oesophagostomum sp. larvae

Seis isolados dos fungos nematófagos Monacrosporium thaumasium (isolado NF 34A), Monacrosporium sinense (isolado SF 470), Monacrosporium appendiculatum (isolado CGI), Arthrobotrys robusta (isolado I 31), Arthrobotrys cladodes (isolado CG 719) e Duddingtonia flagrans (isolado CG 768) foram avaliados em laboratório quanto à capacidade de predar larvas infectantes de Cooperia sp. e Oesophagostomum sp. Nos testes in vitro, os fungos foram eficientes em predar os nematóides (P0,05) durante os cinco dias do ensaio. Estruturas reprodutivas (conídios) foram encontradas em todos os isolados no quinto dia. Todos os fungos testados são promissores para serem utilizados no controle biológico de Cooperia sp. e Oesophagostomum sp., parasitos de bovinos.Six isolates of nematophagous fungi Monacrosporium thaumasium (isolate NF 34A), Monacrosporium sinense (isolate SF 470), Monacrosporium appendiculatum (isolate CGI), Arthrobotrys robusta (isolate I 31), Arthrobotrys cladodes (isolate CG 719) and Duddingtonia flagrans (isolate CG 768) were evaluated under laboratory conditions regarding the capacity to entrap infective Cooperia sp. and Oesophagostomum sp. larvae. In the in vitro tests the fungi tested were equally efficient to prey the nematodes (P<0.05) during the five days of the experiment. Reproductive structures (conidia) from all isolates were visualized in 5th day. All fungal isolates were efficient in the control of bovine Cooperia sp. and Oesophagostomum sp. parasites

Controle biológico de tricostrongilídeos (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) gastrintestinais de bovinos pelo fungo Monacrosporium sinense Biological control of gastrointestinal trichostrongylids (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) of cattle by pellets of Monacrosporium sinense

Avaliou-se a resistência do fungo nematófago Monacrosporium sinense (isolado SF 470) em passar pelo trato gastrintestinal de bovinos e testou-se sua capacidade predatória sobre larvas infectantes de tricostrongilídeos após a passagem. Cem gramas de péletes formulados em matriz de alginato de sódio do isolado fúngico de M. sinense foram administrados, por via oral (VO), a dois bezerros mestiços holandês&times;zebu de seis meses de idade. Para o controle utilizaram-se dois outros animais, de igual padrão, aos quais foram administrados 100g de péletes, VO, livre do isolado fúngico. Amostras fecais, coletadas nos tempos de 12h, 18h, 24h, 48h, 72h e 96h após os tratamentos, foram acondicionadas em placas de Petri e em coproculturas a 25ºC por 15 dias. Houve redução (PThis study aimed to evaluate the viability of the predatory fungi Monacrosporium sinense (SF 470 isolate) to prey infective trichostrongylids larvae of cattle after the test of passage through the gastrointestinal tract. One hundred grams of pellets with the isolate of M. sinense were orally administered to two six-month-old holstein&times;zebu crossbred calves. Two similar animals that orally received 100g of pellets without the fungal isolate were used as control. Fecal samples collected at 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the treatments were allocated in Petri dishes and in fecal cultures and incubated for 15 days at 25ºC. There was significant reduction (P<0.05) of the average number of infective larvae of Cooperia spp. and Haemonchus spp. in the animals treated with the fungus when compared to the control calves. At the end of the experiment, the differences were 69.9% in the Petri dishes and 61.3% in the fecal cultures. The fungi M. sinense was effective in the control of infective gastrointestinal trichostrongylids larvae of cattle in laboratory conditions