FLEKSIBILITAS BERPIKIR RELASIONAL SISWA: STUDI KASUS SISWA KELAS 7 DI SMPIT PERMATA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fleksibilitas yang digunakan siswa kelas 7 dalam berpikir relasional. Berpikir relasional dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tahapan emerging, consolidating dan established relational thinking. Fleksibilitas dalam penelitian ini dicapai setelah siswa memenuhi tahap Established dalam berpikir relasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang mendeskripsikan fleksibilitas siswa dalam berpikir relasional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 45 siswa kelas 7. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes dan wawancara. Tes diberikan kepada 45 siswa kemudian diseleksi jawaban siswa yang benar dan sesuai dengan tahapan berpikir relasional. Siswa yang berpikir relasional yang memenuhi tahapan established dengan menggunakan strategi yang berbeda dilakukan wawancara untuk memperoleh data secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa siswa yang mengalami berpikir relasional pada tahap established mampu berpikir fleksibel. Proses fleksibilitas teridentifikasi saat siswa menggunakan, memilih atau menghasilkan strategi yang tepat untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang diberikan, dan menerapkan pengetahuan tentang angka dan sifatnya dengan cara yang berbeda dengan mempartisi, mentransformasikan, mengganti, atau menguraikan angka serta menggunakan sifat komutatif operasi bilanga

Specific distribution of overexpressed aurora B kinase in interphase normal epithelial cells

BACKGROUND: It is known that aurora B, a chromosomal passenger protein responsible for the proper progression of mitosis and cytokinesis, is overexpressed throughout the cell cycle in cancer cells. Overexpression of aurora B produced multinuclearity and induced aggressive metastasis, suggesting that overexpressed aurora B has multiple functions in cancer development. However, the detailed dynamics and functions of overexpressed aurora B are poorly understood. RESULTS: We overexpressed GFP fused aurora B kinase in normal rat kidney epithelial cells. Using spinning disk confocal microscopy, we found that overexpressed aurora B-GFP was predominantly localized in the nucleus and along the cortex as a dot-like or short filamentous structure during interphase. Time-lapse imaging revealed that a cytoplasmic fraction of overexpressed aurora B-GFP was incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. Immunofluorescence studies showed that the nuclear fraction of overexpressed aurora B did not induce ectopic phosphorylation of histone H3 after cell division. The cytoplasmic fraction of overexpressed aurora B-GFP was mainly associated with cortical actin filaments but not stress fibers. Myosin II regulatory light chain, one of the possible targets for aurora B, did not colocalize with cortical aurora B-GFP, suggesting that overexpressed aurora B did not promote phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain in interphase cells. CONCLUSION: We conclude that overexpressed aurora B has a specific localization pattern in interphase cells. Based on our findings, we propose that overexpressed aurora B targets the nuclear and cortical proteins during interphase, which may contribute to cancer development and tumor metastasis

QuBEC: Boosting Equivalence Checking for Quantum Circuits with QEC Embedding

Quantum computing has proven to be capable of accelerating many algorithms by performing tasks that classical computers cannot. Currently, Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines struggle from scalability and noise issues to render a commercial quantum computer. However, the physical and software improvements of a quantum computer can efficiently control quantum gate noise. As the complexity of quantum algorithms and implementation increases, software control of quantum circuits may lead to a more intricate design. Consequently, the verification of quantum circuits becomes crucial in ensuring the correctness of the compilation, along with other processes, including quantum error correction and assertions, that can increase the fidelity of quantum circuits. In this paper, we propose a Decision Diagram-based quantum equivalence checking approach, QuBEC, that requires less latency compared to existing techniques, while accounting for circuits with quantum error correction redundancy. Our proposed methodology reduces verification time on certain benchmark circuits by up to $271.49 \times$, while the number of Decision Diagram nodes required is reduced by up to $798.31 \times$, compared to state-of-the-art strategies. The proposed QuBEC framework can contribute to the advancement of quantum computing by enabling faster and more efficient verification of quantum circuits, paving the way for the development of larger and more complex quantum algorithms