A comparative overview of antioxidative properties and phenolic profiles of different fungal origins: fruiting bodies and submerged cultures of Coprinus comatus and Coprinellus truncorum

Bioactive properties of fungi considerably differ between the fruiting body (FB) and the submerged culture as regards mycelia (M) and the fermentation broth (F). Antioxidant properties of hot-water extracts obtained from three different fungal origins: FB, M and F of two autochthonous fungal species (Northern Serbia), Coprinus comatus and Coprinellus truncorum were investigated. Free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) was evaluated in vitro by the DPPH assay and reducing power ability (FRAP assay). Considering possible bioactive properties of different compounds present in fungal extracts, the content of total proteins (TP), phenols (TC) and flavonoids (TF) were investigated colorimetrically. The chemical characterisation of the examined extracts was evaluated using the HPLC–MS/MS method. C. comatus showed the strongest RSC activity; more precisely, fermentation broth extract (FCc) on DPPH radicals (IC50 = 5.06 μg mL(−1)) and fruiting body extract (FBCc) for the FRAP assay (42.86 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g). Submerged M extract of both species showed the highest TC (MCc 81.95 mg gallic acid eq (GAE)/g d.w.; MCt 81.64 mg GAE/g d.w.), while FB extracts contained the highest content of TP. Comparing LC–MS phenolic profiles between species—interspecifically and among different fungal origins—intraspecifically (fruiting bodies and submerged cultures), high variations were noticed. In submerged M or F extracts of C. comatus, vanillic, gallic, gentisic and cinnamic acids were detected, as opposed to FB. Considering that diverse phenolic profiles of detected antioxidant compounds were obtained by submerged cultivation, this type of cultivation is promising for the production of antioxidant substances

Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by a highly efficient chelating resin

WOS: 000400971300006The poly([(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride) [P(MOTA)] based chelating resin was synthesized by radical polymerization and employed for Cr(VI) removal. The sorption capacity of this resin was very high with a fast sorption rate for Cr(VI) obeying a pseudo-second order kinetic model. In agreement to diffusion model equations, the rate determining step was film diffusion according to the infinite solution volume (ISV) model and reacted layer in accordance with the unreacted core (UC) model. In a column-mode sorption study, the breakthrough capacity obtained was 24.3 mg Cr/mL-resin. The elution of Cr(VI) from the resin was achieved using a mixture of 1.0 mol/L NaOH and 1.0 mol/L NaCl with an elution efficiency of about 100 %. Based on FT-IR measurements, it was clearly understood that Cr(VI) was sorbed by the resin through the quaternary amine functional groups.CHILTURPOL2 (PIRSESGA Project) [269153]; FONDECYTComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT FONDECYT [1150510]; REDOC (MINEDUC Project at University of Concepcion) [UCO1202]The authors thank the so-called CHILTURPOL2 (PIRSESGA-2009 Project, Grant Number 269153) 7FP-MC Actions Grant. We also thank FONDECYT (Grant No. 1150510), REDOC (MINEDUC Project UCO1202 at University of Concepcion) for the financial support

Recent progress in research on the pharmacological potential of mushrooms and prospects for their clinical application

International audienceFungi are considered one of the most diverse, ecologically significant, and economically important organisms on Earth. The edible and medicinal mushrooms have long been known by humans and were used by ancient civilizations not only as valuable food but also as medicines. Mushrooms are producers of high- and low-molecular-weight bioactive compounds (alkaloids, lectins, lipids, peptidoglycans, phenolics, polyketides, polysaccharides, proteins, polysaccharide-protein/peptides, ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptides, steroids, terpenoids, etc.) possessing more than 130 different therapeutic effects (analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiplatelet, antiviral, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive, mitogenic/regenerative, etc.). The early record of Materia Medica shows evidence of using mushrooms for treatment of different diseases. Mushrooms were widely used in the traditional medicine of many countries around the world and became great resources for modern clinical and pharmacological research. However, the medicinal and biotechnological potential of mushrooms has not been fully investigated. This review discusses recent advances in research on the pharmacological potential of mushrooms and perspectives for their clinical application