27,594 research outputs found
Mean-field dynamics of a non-Hermitian Bose-Hubbard dimer
We investigate an -particle Bose-Hubbard dimer with an additional
effective decay term in one of the sites. A mean-field approximation for this
non-Hermitian many-particle system is derived, based on a coherent state
approximation. The resulting nonlinear, non-Hermitian two-level dynamics, in
particular the fixed point structures showing characteristic modifications of
the self-trapping transition, are analyzed. The mean-field dynamics is found to
be in reasonable agreement with the full many-particle evolution.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, published versio
Transport coefficients and ladder summation in hot gauge theories
We show how to compute transport coefficients in gauge theories by
considering the expansion of the Kubo formulas in terms of ladder diagrams in
the imaginary time formalism. All summations over Matsubara frequencies are
performed and the analytical continuation to get the retarded correlators is
done. As an illustration of the procedure, we present a derivation of the
transport equation for the shear viscosity in the scalar theory. Assuming the
Hard Thermal Loop approximation for the screening of distant collisions of the
hard particles in the plasma, we derive a couple of integral equations for the
effective vertices which, to logarithmic accuracy, are shown to be identical to
the linearized Boltzmann equations previously found by Arnold, Moore and Yaffe.Comment: 34 pages, 7 figures v2. Added discussion on box topologies for the
ladder rungs. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Investigation of double beta decay with the NEMO-3 detector
The double beta decay experiment NEMO~3 has been taking data since February
2003. The aim of this experiment is to search for neutrinoless
() decay and investigate two neutrino double beta decay in
seven different isotopically enriched samples (Mo, Se,
Ca, Zr, Cd, Te and Nd). After analysis of
the data corresponding to 3.75 y, no evidence for decay in the
Mo and Se samples was found. The half-life limits at the 90%
C.L. are y and y, respectively.
Additionally for decay the following limits at the 90% C.L.
were obtained, y for Ca, y
for Zr and y for Nd. The
decay half-life values were precisely measured for all investigated isotopes.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables; talk at conference on "Fundamental
Interactions Physics" (ITEP, Moscow, November 23-27, 2009
Next-to-next-to-leading-order epsilon expansion for a Fermi gas at infinite scattering length
We extend previous work on applying the epsilon-expansion to universal
properties of a cold, dilute Fermi gas in the unitary regime of infinite
scattering length. We compute the ratio xi = mu/epsilon_F of chemical potential
to ideal gas Fermi energy to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in
epsilon=4-d, where d is the number of spatial dimensions. We also explore the
nature of corrections from the order after NNLO.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figure
Link Invariants for Flows in Higher Dimensions
Linking numbers in higher dimensions and their generalization including gauge
fields are studied in the context of BF theories. The linking numbers
associated to -manifolds with smooth flows generated by divergence-free
p-vector fields, endowed with an invariant flow measure are computed in
different cases. They constitute invariants of smooth dynamical systems (for
non-singular flows) and generalizes previous results for the 3-dimensional
case. In particular, they generalizes to higher dimensions the Arnold's
asymptotic Hopf invariant for the three-dimensional case. This invariant is
generalized by a twisting with a non-abelian gauge connection. The computation
of the asymptotic Jones-Witten invariants for flows is naturally extended to
dimension n=2p+1. Finally we give a possible interpretation and implementation
of these issues in the context of string theory.Comment: 21+1 pages, LaTeX, no figure
Stationary Entangled Radiation from Micromechanical Motion
Mechanical systems facilitate the development of a new generation of hybrid
quantum technology comprising electrical, optical, atomic and acoustic degrees
of freedom. Entanglement is the essential resource that defines this new
paradigm of quantum enabled devices. Continuous variable (CV) entangled fields,
known as Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) states, are spatially separated two-mode
squeezed states that can be used to implement quantum teleportation and quantum
communication. In the optical domain, EPR states are typically generated using
nondegenerate optical amplifiers and at microwave frequencies Josephson
circuits can serve as a nonlinear medium. It is an outstanding goal to
deterministically generate and distribute entangled states with a mechanical
oscillator. Here we observe stationary emission of path-entangled microwave
radiation from a parametrically driven 30 micrometer long silicon nanostring
oscillator, squeezing the joint field operators of two thermal modes by
3.40(37) dB below the vacuum level. This mechanical system correlates up to 50
photons/s/Hz giving rise to a quantum discord that is robust with respect to
microwave noise. Such generalized quantum correlations of separable states are
important for quantum enhanced detection and provide direct evidence for the
non-classical nature of the mechanical oscillator without directly measuring
its state. This noninvasive measurement scheme allows to infer information
about otherwise inaccessible objects with potential implications in sensing,
open system dynamics and fundamental tests of quantum gravity. In the near
future, similar on-chip devices can be used to entangle subsystems on vastly
different energy scales such as microwave and optical photons.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Surface chemistry of selected lunar regions
A completely new analysis has been carried out on the data from the Apollo 15 and 16 gamma ray spectrometer experiments. The components of the continuum background have been estimated. The elements Th, K, Fe and Mg give useful results; results for Ti are significant only for a few high Ti regions. Errors are given, and the results are checked by other methods. Concentrations are reported for about sixty lunar regions; the ground track has been subdivided in various ways. The borders of the maria seem well-defined chemically, while the distribution of KREEP is broad. This wide distribution requires emplacement of KREEP before the era of mare formation. Its high concentration in western mare soils seems to require major vertical mixing
Phase Space Evolution and Discontinuous Schr\"odinger Waves
The problem of Schr\"odinger propagation of a discontinuous wavefunction
-diffraction in time- is studied under a new light. It is shown that the
evolution map in phase space induces a set of affine transformations on
discontinuous wavepackets, generating expansions similar to those of wavelet
analysis. Such transformations are identified as the cause for the
infinitesimal details in diffraction patterns. A simple case of an evolution
map, such as SL(2) in a two-dimensional phase space, is shown to produce an
infinite set of space-time trajectories of constant probability. The
trajectories emerge from a breaking point of the initial wave.Comment: Presented at the conference QTS7, Prague 2011. 12 pages, 7 figure
Galactic Spiral Structure
We describe the structure and composition of six major stellar streams in a
population of 20 574 local stars in the New Hipparcos Reduction with known
radial velocities. We find that, once fast moving stars are excluded, almost
all stars belong to one of these streams. The results of our investigation have
lead us to re-examine the hydrogen maps of the Milky Way, from which we
identify the possibility of a symmetric two-armed spiral with half the
conventionally accepted pitch angle. We describe a model of spiral arm motions
which matches the observed velocities and composition of the six major streams,
as well as the observed velocities of the Hyades and Praesepe clusters at the
extreme of the Hyades stream. We model stellar orbits as perturbed ellipses
aligned at a focus in coordinates rotating at the rate of precession of
apocentre. Stars join a spiral arm just before apocentre, follow the arm for
more than half an orbit, and leave the arm soon after pericentre. Spiral
pattern speed equals the mean rate of precession of apocentre. Spiral arms are
shown to be stable configurations of stellar orbits, up to the formation of a
bar and/or ring. Pitch angle is directly related to the distribution of orbital
eccentricities in a given spiral galaxy. We show how spiral galaxies can evolve
to form bars and rings. We show that orbits of gas clouds are stable only in
bisymmetric spirals. We conclude that spiral galaxies evolve toward grand
design two-armed spirals. We infer from the velocity distributions that the
Milky Way evolved into this form about 9 Gyrs ago.Comment: Published in Proc Roy Soc A. A high resolution version of this file
can be downloaded from http://papers.rqgravity.net/SpiralStructure.pdf. A
simplified account with animations begins at
http://rqgravity.net/SpiralStructur
Perturbative and Nonperturbative Kolmogorov Turbulence in a Gluon Plasma
In numerical simulations of nonabelian plasma instabilities in the hard-loop
approximation, a turbulent spectrum has been observed that is characterized by
a phase-space density of particles with exponent , which is larger than expected from relativistic
scatterings. Using the approach of Zakharov, L'vov and Falkovich, we analyse
possible Kolmogorov coefficients for relativistic -particle
processes, which give at most perturbatively for an energy cascade.
We discuss nonperturbative scenarios which lead to larger values. As an extreme
limit we find the result generically in an inherently nonperturbative
effective field theory situation, which coincides with results obtained by
Berges et al.\ in large- scalar field theory. If we instead assume that
scaling behavior is determined by Schwinger-Dyson resummations such that the
different scaling of bare and dressed vertices matters, we find that
intermediate values are possible. We present one simple scenario which would
single out .Comment: published versio
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