Garra waensis, a new cyprinid fish (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes) from the Nan River basin of the Chao Phraya River system, northern Thailand

Lothongkham, Amornchai, Arbsuwan, Sakda, Musikasinthorn, Prachya (2014): Garra waensis, a new cyprinid fish (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes) from the Nan River basin of the Chao Phraya River system, northern Thailand. Zootaxa 3790 (4): 543-554, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.4.

Purification and characterization of macrolactins and amicoumacins from Bacillus licheniformis BFP011: a new source of food antimicrobial substances

In this study, Bacillus licheniformis BFP011 has been cultivated for producing antimicrobial compounds, which were concentrated from the crude supernatant and purified using thin-layer chromatography. The antimicrobial activity was investigated in the presence of several organic solvents and detergents, and inhibiting effects to various Gram-negative and Gram-positive human pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria were observed. Three bands (F4, F5 and F6) showing antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhi ATCC 5784 were subjected to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification. Two peaks of fraction F5, F5-P3 and F5-P4, showed 100% inhibition against S. typhi ATCC 5784. The contained mixture of antimicrobial compounds consists of macrolactins and amicoumacins, which induced the collapse and breaking of S. typhi ATCC 5784 cell membranes in a time-dependent manner. Taken collectively, the results indicate that these compounds may represent promising candidates for the development of food preservative agents of natural origin, as well as novel antimicrobial drug candidates against multiresistant bacterial strains