Effects of pre-severance irradiance on the growth of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. stockplants and on the subsequent rooting capacity of leafy stem cuttings

The rooting of Allanblackia stem cuttings is typically slow and with the formation of very few roots. Irradiance has positive effects on the relative growth of plants and rooting ability, but there is no information relating to Allanblackia species. Stumps of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. were grown under three levels of irradiance (2008 mu molm(-2)s(-1), 542 mu molm(-2)s(-1) and 160 mu molm(-2)s(-1)) and were assessed for growth (plant height and the number of cuttings) and the influence of irradiance on the rooting ability of leafy stem cuttings. Shade light regime 542 mu molm(-2)s(-1) resulted in significantly greater stockplant height than in 160 and 2008 mu molm(-2)s(-1). Significantly more useable cuttings were harvested from the tall plants under an irradiance of 542 mu molm(-2)s(-1), fewer from 160 mu molm(-2)s(-1), and the least from 2008 mu molm(-2)s(-1). The rooting ability of cuttings was greatest from stockplants receiving 542 mu molm(-2)s(-1) (>60%) and least from those receiving 160 mu molm(-2)s(-1) (20%). 45% of cutting rooted from stockplants under full sun (2008 mu molm(-2)s(-1)). The speed of rooting of cuttings followed the same ranking with the fastest rooting from plants receiving 542 mu molm(-2)s(-1) (7.1 +/- 1.04weeks to reach 25% of rooting) and the slowest from those under 160 mu molm(-2)s(-1) (12.3 +/- 1.85weeks to reach 25% of rooting). The results of this study demonstrate that the light management of A. floribunda stockplants is important for the maximization of the yielding of cutting and the speed of rooting of leafy stem cuttings. Tree plantation being a key option to alleviate environmental challenges that the world is facing today, these results confirm previous findings which postulates that appropriate light management in stockplants can increase the production speed of required seedlings

Characterization of tree-to-tree variation in morphological, nutritional and medicinal properties of Canarium indicum nuts

As part of a feasibility study of the commercialization potential of C. indicum nuts as Agroforestry Tree Products in Papua New Guinea, preliminary characterization studies have examined the tree-to-tree variation in morphological traits (nut and kernel mass and kernel:nut ratio), as well as nutritional (carbohydrate, fat, protein, sodium, vitamin E) and medicinal traits (anti-oxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity and phenolic content) of kernels from 18 to 72 trees in a small number of different villages of Papua New Guinea (East New Britain Province). There was continuous variation in these traits indicating opportunities for multiple trait cultivar development targeted at food and pharmaceutical markets. Certain traits, for example anti-inflammatory activity, in which tree-to-tree variation was highly significant, present greater opportunities than others, such as saturated:unsaturated fatty acid ratio. This intraspecific variation was greater within populations than between populations. The data presented has allowed the development of a strategy to domesticate C. indicum for cultivation in homegardens and cocoa-coconut agroforests, using a participatory approach aimed at the production of agroforestry tree products (AFTPs) to empower small-holders and enhance their livelihoods and income