Diabetic foot care: Self reported knowledge and practice among patients attending three tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) foot complications are a leading cause of mortality in developing countries and the prevalence of diabetes is expected to increase in the next decades in these countries. Theaim of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice of foot care among diabetes patients attending three tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out from November 2009 to April 2010. Pre-tested structured questionnaires were administered by medical officers to diabetes patients. The outcome variables were knowledge and practice regarding foot care. The knowledge and practice scores were classified as good if score .70%, satisfactory if score was 50-69% and poor if score was < 50%.Results: Of 352 diabetes patients, 30.1% had good knowledge and 10.2 % had good practice of DM foot care. Majority (78.4%) of patients with poor practice had poor knowledge of foot care. With regard toknowledge, 68.8% were unaware of the first thing to do when they found redness/bleeding between their toes and 61.4% were unaware of the importance of inspecting the inside of the footwear for objects. Poor footpractices include; 89.2% not receiving advice when they bought footwear and 88.6% failing to get appropriate size footwear. Illiteracy and low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with poor knowledge and practice of foot care.Conclusion: This study has highlighted the gaps in the knowledge and practice of foot care in DM patients and underscores the need for an educational programme to reduce of diabetic foot complication

Assessing the Relationship of Self-regulation, Motivation and Anxiety on Mathematics Achievement of Elementary School Children in South -Western Nigeria

This is a quantitative study investigating the relationship between self – regulated learning, motivation, anxiety and achievement in mathematics. A total of 2,283 elementary pupil, 1,373 (60% female) and 913 (40% male) from selected fifth-sixth year elementary mathematics classrooms in South-western Nigeria participated in the study. Three instruments – a version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ), an adaptation of the Test Anxiety Inventory revised for mathematics (TAI-R-M), and Measure of Academic Performance – were used. Data was analysed using Multiple Regression Correlations. Data analyses revealed that significant contributions are made by self–regulation, motivation and anxiety on mathematics score of the participants. The results obtained show that mathematics achievement had significant correlations with all the three independent variables (i.e., self-efficacy, motivation, and test anxiety). The results also revealed that mathematics achievement of the participants correlated positively with the three predictor variables. The results of this study also indicate that self –regulation was the most potent contributor to the predictor followed by test anxiety and motivation in that order. The findings underlie the importance of motivation and anxiety for students and how these constructs interact to facilitate self-regulation over the course of developing expertise in a domain, such as mathematics.Keywords: Self-regulation, Motivation, Anxiety, Mathematics achievement, Elementary School Childre

Stress Coping Techniques For Female Doctors Encountering Sexual Harassment From Their Patients

This study examined stress coping techniques of female doctors encountering sexual harassment from their patients. The sample consisted of thirty-five (35) female doctors from the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using t-test statistic and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the commonest form of sexual harassment that female doctors experience is exposure of private part of the body in a sexually suggestive way. It was further revealed that there was no significant difference between Muslim and Christian female doctors encounter with sexual harassment. It was also found that sexual harassment cut across all age groups. The findings of these study indicated that stress coping techniques is an effective method in the reduction of stress posed by sexual harassment on female doctors from their patients

Hybrid modeling of flows over submerged prismatic vegetation with different areal densities

201910 bcmaVersion of RecordPublishe

Effect of intercropping madumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) on yield and land productivity under different irrigation water management techniques with effluent water

The need for the optimal use of land, without a yield penalty, in urban and peri-urban (UP) settlements is vital. This study investigated the effect of intercropping madumbe and rice with respect to yield and land productivity when irrigated with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent under different irrigation water management techniques. It was hypothesized that intercropping under different irrigation water management techniques has no effect on the yield and land productivity. Field trials were conducted in the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons with ABR effluent (without fertilizer) at the Newlands Mashu Experimental Site, Newlands East, Durban, South Africa. A randomized complete block design with 3 replications; cropping treatments of sole madumbe, sole rice and madumbe + rice (intercrop) and irrigation treatments of alternate wetting and drying (AWD), continuous flood irrigation (CFI) and wetting without flooding (WWF) was used. Growth and yield parameters at harvest were determined. Thereafter, land equivalent ratio (LER) was calculated to evaluate the productivity of the intercrop. The effect of intercropping was significant (P &lt; 0.05) on the total number of irrigation events and total water use. There was a significant reduction (P &lt; 0.05) in plant heights of both madumbe and rice at intercrop. However, the effect on plant height for treatment CFI was positive but not significant (P &gt; 0.05) for both seasons. A significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction also occurred in the number of madumbe leaves/plant, and panicles/plant and tillers/plant for rice. Intercropping significantly reduced (P &lt; 0.05) madumbe corm and rice grain yield over the two seasons relative to sole cropping.&nbsp; LER showed that intercropping madumbe with rice was not more productive (LER &lt; 1) than sole cropping of madumbe. It was concluded that over the two-season period, intercropping madumbe and rice do not yield appreciably under any of the three irrigation management techniques applied and the study hypothesis is thus rejected

A review of stroke admissions at a tertiary hospital in rural Southwestern Nigeria

Background: Stroke is a common neurological disorder and is the third leading cause of death and a major cause of long-term disability. The disease is expected to increase in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria. There is no information on stroke in rural Nigeria. Objectives: To review the clinical patterns, risk-factors, and outcome of stroke in a tertiary hospital in rural Nigeria and examine the rural-urban variation of stroke hospitalization in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of patients who had a clinical diagnosis of stroke at the Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, South-western Nigeria between November 2006 and October 2009. Results: A total of 101 patients who had stroke were admitted during this review period, accounting for 4.5% of medical admission and 1.3% of total hospital admission. Women accounted 52.5% of cases, with a male to female ratio of 1 : 1.1. Their mean age was 68 ± 12 years. Stroke occurrences increased with age, as almost half (49.5%) of the cases were aged ≥70 years and majority (84.2%) of them were in low socioeconomic class. The mean hospital stay for stroke treatment was 12 ± 9 days, Glasgow coma score on admission was 11 ± 4. Ischemic stroke was 64.4%; hemorrhagic stroke, 34.7%; and indeterminate, 1.0%. Hypertension (85.2%), diabetes mellitus (23.8%), and tobacco smoking (22.8%) were the common identifiable risk factors for stroke. Of all the patients, 69% had ≥2 risk factors for stroke. Thirty-day case fatality was 23.8%; it increases with age and was higher among men than women (29.2 vs 18.9%) and in patients with diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke (34.3 vs 18.5%). The numbers of identifiable risk factors of stroke has no effect on the 30-day case fatality. When compared with stroke in urban areas of Nigeria, we found no differences in frequency of hospitalization (1.3 vs 0.9 - 4%) and the major risk factor (hypertension). Hemorrhagic stroke was more common in urban than in the rural community (45.2 - 51 vs 34.7%) and the 30-day case fatality was lower in the rural community (23.8 vs 37.6 - 41.2%). Conclusion: Stroke is also a common neurological condition in rural Nigeria, in view of the fact that almost 70% of the patients had ≥2 risk factors of stroke. We recommend that, sustainable, community-friendly intervention programmes are incorporated into the health care system for the early prevention, recognition, and modification of the risk factors in persons prone to the disease.DOI: 10.4103/1596-3519.8206