Cancer incidence among the south Asian and non-south Asian population under 30 years of age in Yorkshire, UK.

Few studies have examined epidemiological differences between ethnic groups for children and young adults with cancer

Overall survival in the intervention arm of a randomized controlled screening trial for prostate cancer compared with a clinically diagnosed cohort

objectives: This population-based study provides comparisons of prostate cancer characteristics at diagnosis of two cohorts of men from two well-defined geographical areas exposed to different intensities of prostate cancer screening. overall survival in both cohorts was compared with that in the general population. Methods: A cohort of 822 men randomized to the intervention arm of a prostate cancer screening trial and subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer was compared with a nonrandomized cohort of 947 men who were clinically diagnosed with prostate cancer in a geographically neighboring region. in both cohorts, cases were diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 1989 and December 1997. A partitioning of overall survival by variables associated with cancer onset such as age at diagnosis, stage at diagnosis, and grade at diagnosis was performed. Results: Age at diagnosis, tumor extent at diagnosis, and grade at diagnosis were significantly different between the screened and clinically diagnosed cohort. The 5- and 10-yr survival rates were higher in the screened cohort than in the clinically diagnosed cohort (88.8% vs. 52.4%, and 68.4% vs. 29.6%, respectively). Significant differences in survival were evident for all age, stage, and grade subgroups, except for metastatic disease at diagnosis. Conclusions: Differences in overall survival favoring the screened population were observed for all baseline characteristics (age, stage, and grade of disease), and these variables may all explain differences in overall survival because screening achieves early diagnosis as well as a stage and grade shift. As observed survival rates in the screened population mirrored those within the general population, the contribution of lead time and overdiagnosis to final patient outcome is considered to be large as well. (C) 2007 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Significant improvement in survival of advanced stage childhood and young adolescent cancer in the Netherlands since the 1990s

Background: This is the first national study on trends in cancer survival and mortality for children and young adolescents in the Netherlands including unique information on stage at diagnosis. Methods: All neoplasms in patients &lt;18 years, diagnosed between 1990 and 2015 (N = 14,060), were derived from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Cohort and period survival analyses were used to estimate observed survival (OS). Time trends in OS and mortality rates were evaluated by parametric survival models and average annual percentage change, respectively. Results: Between 1990 and 2015, 5-year OS and 10-year OS of childhood and young adolescent cancer have improved significantly by 9 percent points, reaching 81% and 78%, respectively. Favourable trends in survival were observed for all age groups and most diagnostic (sub)groups, being particularly pronounced for advanced disease. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas Ann Arbor stage III, metastatic neuroblastomas (age ≥18 months) and Ewing bone sarcomas showed significant improvements in 5-year OS. Compared with 1990–99, the risk of dying within five years of diagnosis was decreased significantly during 2000–09 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.8) and 2010–15 (HR = 0.6), after adjustment for age, gender and follow-up time. Nonetheless, the prognosis of young patients suffering from central nervous system tumours, neuroblastoma and osteosarcomas remained modest, with 5-year OS &lt;70% and 10-year OS &lt;65%. Childhood and young adolescent cancer mortality decreased by an average of 2.0% annually between 1990 and 2018. Conclusions: Significant progress has been realised in the prognosis of childhood and young adolescent cancer in the Netherlands since the 1990s. Survival improvements were especially evident for patients with advanced stages and were also reflected in the declining mortality rates.</p

Improved survival for children and young adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia: a Dutch study on incidence, survival and mortality

Variation in survival of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) over time and between Western European countries exists. The aim of the current study is to assess the progress made for the Dutch pAML population (0–17 years) during 1990–2015, based on trends in incidence, survival and mortality. Data from the population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry were merged with leukemia-related characteristics and treatment specifics from the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group (Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG) from 2002 onwards). Mortality data (1980–2016) were obtained from the cause of death registry of Statistics Netherlands. Trend analyses were performed over time and by treatment protocol. Between 1990 and 2015, a total of 635 children aged 0–17 years were diagnosed with AML for an average of 25 patients (range 18–36) per year. There was a slight increase in the incidence at age 1–4 years (average annual percentage change (AAPC) of +2.2% per year (95% CI 0.8–3.5, p < 0.01)). Overall, the 5-year survival significantly improved over the past 26 years and nearly doubled from 40% in the early 1990s to 74% in 2010–2015. Multivariable analysis showed a 49% reduction in risk of death for pAML patients treated according to the latest DB-AML 01 protocol (p = 0.03). The continuing decrease of mortality (AAPC −2.8% per year (95% CI −4.1 to −1.5)) supports the conclusion of true progress against pAML in the Netherlands