Generic Business Process Model for SMEs in M-Commerce Based on Talabat’s Case Study

SMEs face a variety of challenges in their attempts to keep up with the cyber revolution, even though SMEs are a major part of the world economy. In a previous publication, the authors established that ‘B2C’ model does not accurately represent or support SMEs in M-Commerce. Instead, the authors reviewed SMEs and SME supporting apps from mobile app marketplaces and suggested a model called ‘B2i2C’. In this model, the ‘i’, in the form of intermediary business entity are playing a vital role in SMEs breakthrough into M-Commerce. Following on, this paper reviews business processes to generate a generic model adaptable to a variety of SME related products and services. This paper presents the case study of Talabat, one of the most successful GCC e-business models that supports SMEs to have come out from Kuwait. The information collected from online resources, student placements and feedback from operation managers attempt to emulate the business process model for a variety of ‘B2i2C’ business models. The generic model is then tested against three different scenarios to identify the level of similarity. The results demonstrate a high degree of adaptability of the model and a major opportunity to explore in the area of SME supporting app in M-Commerce

Absence of nectar resource partitioning in a community of parasitoid wasps

Parasitoid wasps occur in diverse communities, with the adults of most species sourcing carbohydrates from nectar or honeydew. However, the role of niche partitioning of nectar resources in maintaining diverse communities of parasitoid Hymenoptera is poorly known. To elucidate patterns of nectar resource use and test whether species partition resources, we investigated pollen loads in a community of parasitoid thynnine wasps in the biodiversity hotspot of southwestern Australia. In total, 304 thynnine wasps from 28 species were captured. Eighteen of these species are undescribed, highlighting the high diversity of unrecognized species in southwestern Australia. Pollen loads were detected on 111 individuals representing 19 species. Six pollen types were identified. All species that carried pollen primarily visited two tree species, Agonis flexuosa and Eucalyptus marginata, in the Myrtaceae. The other four pollen types were only recorded from single wasps. There was no evidence of nectar-resource partitioning. This may be due to these Myrtaceae producing abundant, open-faced flowers. Wasp species that were not recorded carrying pollen may utilise other carbohydrate sources, such as homopoteran honeydew. Niche partitioning is predicted to occur during the parasitoid larval phase of the life cycle. This study highlights the importance of nectariferous Myrtaceae in supporting diverse wasp communities. Further, two species of nectar-foraging wasps collected here are involved in the pollination of rare orchid species. Hence, conservation and management of habitats that support floriferous Myrtaceae are important for both the maintenance of diverse wasp communities, and the plants they pollinate

Evaluation and Projection of Regional Climate over East Asia in CORDEX-East Asia Phase I Experiment

This study investigates the performance of simulated precipitation and estimates future changes in precipitation in CORDEX-East Asia Phase I. In the Historical experiment (1981???2005), a global climate model used as a lateral boundary condition does not realistically simulate the timing and intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon. Hence, it overestimates precipitation over East Asia. Generally, the results of the regional climate models??also show similar bias characteristics to that of the large-scale forcing data. The individual biases of the regional climate model vary according to a model configuration, such as physical parameterization schemes. However, when bias correction is applied to data, the spatial variability and spatial correlation of the long-term mean precipitation become similar to the observations, and the annual cycle of precipitation is much improved. The two future experiments in the mid-twenty-first century period (2025???2049), show that mean and extreme precipitation amounts increase over the Korean Peninsula and northern China compared to the frequency of wet days. The increment of the low-level water vapor in all seasons can be attributed to the increased precipitation amounts; moreover, the East Asian summer monsoon is enhanced in mid-latitudes and lasts longer in summer owing to the strengthened western North Pacific Subtropical High. The increasing??southerly wind from the East Asian summer monsoon over eastern China and the Korean Peninsula results in favorable conditions for the increase in precipitation