Community health needs assessment with precede-proceed model: a mixed methods study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Community health services in China have developed over the last few decades. In order to use limited health resources more effectively, we conducted a community health needs assessment. This aimed to provide an understanding of the community's health problems and the range of potential factors affecting risk behaviours for the priority health problems.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used the precede-proceed model for the needs assessment. Triangulation of data, methods and researchers were employed in data collection.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Main findings include: cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were identified as the priority health problems in the study communities; risk factors associated with CVDs included smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy eating behaviours, particularly amongst male residents with low education level; factors negatively affecting behaviours were classified into predisposing factors (limited knowledge, beliefs and lack of perceived needs), enabling factors (limited access to health promotion activities, unawareness of health promotion, lack of work-site and school health promotion, absence of health promotion related policy) and reinforcing factors (culture). Policies and organization were not perfect; there were limited staff skilled in providing health promotion in the community.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>CVDs were identified by the communities as priority health problems. Future health programs should focus on smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy eating behaviours. Behaviour change strategies should take predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors into consideration. Policies, organization and human resource need strengthening.</p

Molecular Analysis and Implications of Neurovirulent Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Jamaica, A Case Report and Review of Literature

As the goal to eradicate wild polio virus (WPV) is approached, outbreaks associated with vaccine derived polioviruses (VDPV) with neurovirulent properties have emerged. The relevance for the spread of infection by nonparalytic cVDPV cases, with mutations associated with neurovirulence, is discussed with reference to the molecular analysis of a VDPV isolated from a Jamaican child who presented with aseptic meningitis. Potential risks to the Jamaican community resulting from circulation of cVDPV, and critical factors defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the global eradication of Polio are analyzed in the context of immunization coverage, and the need to stop all Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) use once wild polioviruses (WPVs) have been eradicated. Análisis Molecular e Implicaciones del Poliovirus Derivado de las Vacunas Neurovirulentas Circulantes (Reporte de un Caso y Revisión de la Literatura) RESUMEN A medida que nos hemos acercado a la meta de erradicar el virus de la polio salvaje (VPS), se han producido brotes asociados con los poliovirus derivados de la vacuna (VDPV) con propiedades neurovirulentas. El presente trabajo discute la importancia de estos en la diseminación de la infección por casos no paralíticos de cVDPV, en relación con el análisis molecular de un VDPV aislado a partir de un niño jamaicano que presentaba meningitis aséptica. Los riesgo potenciales para la comunidad jamaicana como resultado de la circulación de cVDPV, y los factores críticos definidos por la Organización de Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en la erradicación global de la polio, se analizan en el contexto de la cobertura de la inmunización, y la necesidad de detener todo uso de la Vacuna Oral de la Polio (VOP), una vez que los poliovirus salvajes (PVS) hayan sido erradicados