Manejo da irrigação associada a coberturas mortas vegetais no cultivo orgânico da beterraba

Práticas agrícolas orgânicas, como a cobertura do solo com palha, foram testadas em área irrigada por gotejamento na Baixada Fluminense, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O cultivo de inverno da beterraba nesta região é favorecido por temperaturas mais amenas, coincidindo com a época de maior disponibilidade do produto no Estado. No cultivo da beterraba, foram adotados três tipos de cobertura do solo e seis lâminas de irrigação (0; 29; 48; 78; 100 e 148% da ETc) determinadas com base no balanço de água no solo utilizando a técnica da TDR. O delineamento estatístico adotado foi blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Sob cobertura morta de Pennisetum purpureum, de Gliricidia sepium e na ausência de cobertura morta, os valores máximos relativos de EUA, no cultivo de beterraba, foram de 21,00; 32,90 e 17,90 kg m-3, respectivamente. A maior e a menor lâmina de irrigação acumulada para cada tipo de manejo foram de 2.746 e 951 m³ ha-1 nas parcelas sem cobertura morta. Em comparação, as parcelas com cobertura do solo reduziram em 34,5 e 10,5% as lâminas acumuladas, respectivamente. Os valores acumulados de nitrogênio nas partes das plantas foram maiores no cultivo sob cobertura morta de G. sepium, indicando vantagens desta prática cultural associada à irrigação por gotejamento.Organic farming practices, like mulching, were tested in drip irrigated area in Baixada Fluminense, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In this region, the winter crop of sugar beet is favored by mild temperatures, coinciding with the period of higher product availability in the State. For the beet planting were used three soil management practices (different conditions of coverage). In each one, six irrigation depth(0, 29, 48, 78, 100 and 148% of ETc), estimated based on soil water balance using TDR technique were applied through drip of different flow rates. Moreover, it was also included a plot without irrigation. The statistical design used was randomized blocks with six treatments. Under mulch of Pennisetum purpureum, Gliricidia sepium and without mulching, the maximum values of WUE in beet planting, were 40.25, 25.63, 26.08 kg m-3, respectively. The higher depth accumulated in the treatment relative to 29% of ETc (951 m³ ha-1) was obtained in plots without mulch. The nitrogen accumulated in the plant was higher in the experiment with Gliricidia mulching, indicating advantages of this cultural practice associated with drip irrigation

Brainmerge: A Semiotic-oriented Software Development Process For Intelligence Augmentation Systems

In this paper we present "Brainmerge", a software development process designed according to semiotic principles in order to coordinate the steps required for the requirements specification, analysis and design of a special kind of intelligent system, which is usually described as Intelligence Augmentation Systems (IAS). IAS represent an extension of Decision Support Systems (DSS) with the use of AI techniques and usually dynamic decision making processes. Traditional software methodologies are usually inefficient when dealing with IAS, and our methodology aims at fulfilling these shortcomings. To illustrate the methodology we describe a real application in planning the circulation of trains in a single track railroad. © 2007 IEEE.261266Shim, J.P., Past, present and future of decision support technology. Elsevier (2002) Decision Support Systems, 33, pp. 111-126Shim, J.P., Engelbart, D.C., AUGMENTING HUMAN INTELLECT: A Conceptual Framework Summary report, , http://sloan.stanford.edu/mousesite/ EngelbartPapers/B5_F18_ConceptFrameworkIndhtmlRansdell, Joseph, The Relevance of Peircean Semiotic to Computational Intelligence Augmentation (2003) SEED Journal (Semiotics, Evolution, Energy, and Development), 3 (3). , http://www. library.utoronto.ca/see/SEED/Vol3-3/Ransdell.ht

Designing Intelligence Augmentation System With A Semiotic-oriented Software Development Process

In this paper, the authors describe the first steps of a semiotic-oriented software development process called "Brainmerge" [1], and present a case study where the process is used to coordinate the steps required for the design of a locomotive and car assignment system, modeled as an Intelligence Augmentation Systems (IAS). IAS represent an extension of Decision Support Systems (DSS) [2] with the use of Peircean semiotics [4], intelligence augmentation techniques [3], computational agents [5] and usually dynamic decision making processes (DDMP). IAS are suitable for DDMP. Traditional software methodologies are usually inefficient when dealing with IAS, and our methodology aims at fulfilling these shortcomings. This work considers the resolution of a real world problem of tactical planning in railroads where such DDMP play a key role. © 2007 IEEE.8489Paraense, A., Gudwin, R., Gonçalves, R., Brainmerge: A Semiotic-Oriented Software Development Process for Intelligence Augmentation Systems (2007) Integration of Knowledge Intensive Multi-Agent Systems KIMAS '07: Modeling, EVOLUTION and Engineering, , April 29, May 3, Waltham, MassachusettsShim, J.P., Past, present and future of decision support technology, Elsevier (2002) Decision Support Systems, 33, pp. 111-126Engelbart, D.C., AUGMENTING HUMAN INTELLECT: A Conceptual Framework Summary reportRansdell, J., The Relevance of Peircean Semiotic to Computational Intelligence Augmentation (2003) SEED Journal (Semiotics, Evolution, Energy, and Development), 3 (3)Franklin, S., Graesser, A., Is it an Agent, or Just a Program?: A Taxonomy for Autonomous Agents (1996) Proceedings of the Workshop on Intelligent Agents III, Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, , Budapest, Hungar