Antimicrobial resistance on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cases subclinical mastitis in goats.

Caprine mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy herds, causing damage mainly due to the decrease in milk production after the invasion of the infectious agent in the secretory epithelium of the mammary gland. Species Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic agent in the mammary gland, having important implications for public health, since it produces enterotoxins that survive the heat treatments applied to milk. The use of proper antibiotics is an important tool for the treatment of the disease. However, they should be used judiciously, since the main cause of failure in therapy is bacterial resistance to the drug. This study uses an antibiogram to evaluate the resistance of microorganisms isolated from goat milk samples with subclinical mastitis. Antibiotics ampicillin and rifampicin showed 50% resistance in strains from Minas Gerais and 83.3% in strains from São Paulo, respectively, which would be ineffective in the treatment of mastitis in these herds. Therefore, the use of antibiogram as a control tool helps Veterinarians and owners in decision making regarding the appropriate treatment

Uso da condutividade elétrica do leite para detecção de mastite subclínica caprina.

O trabalho avalia a utilização do teste da condutividade elétrica como ferramenta para o diagnóstico da mastite em amostras de leite obtidas em diferentes rebanhos de caprinos leiteiros.bitstream/item/206879/1/CNPC-2019-Cot192.pd

Teste de resistência antimicrobiana in vitro de Staphylococcus aureus isolados no leite de cabras com mastite.

Resumo: A mastite é uma das doenças mais comuns em propriedades leiteiras causando prejuízos, principalmente pela redução na produção de leite decorrente da invasão do agente infeccioso no epitélio secretor da glândula mamária. O uso de antibióticos adequados é uma importante ferramenta para o tratamento da enfermidade, sendo que deverão ser empregados de forma criteriosa, uma vez que a resistência bacteriana aos fármacos é a principal causa de falha de terapias. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana in vitro de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de amostras de leite de cabras, obtidas a partir de casos de mastite subclínica de um rebanho do Estado de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Verificou-se que a penicilina foi o antimicrobiano que as cepas de S. aureus apresentaram maior resistência em ambos os estados, apresentando 55,56% e 83,33% de resistência nas cepas de Minas Gerais e São Paulo, respectivamente. Os antibióticos ampicilina e rifampicina por sua vez, apresentaram 44,44% de resistência nas cepas de Minas Gerais e 83,33% nas cepas de São Paulo, respectivamente. O perfil de resistência à penicilina, seguido da ampicilina em Minas Gerais, e rifampicina em São Paulo foram predominantes, o que demonstra ineficácia desses antibióticos no tratamento da mastite nesses rebanhos. [Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical mastitis cases in goats]. Abstract: Caprine mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy herds, causing damage mainly due to the decrease in milk production after the invasion o the infectious agent in the secretory epithelium of the mammary gland. The use of proper antibiotics is an important tool for the treatment of the disease. However, they should be used judiciously, since the main cause of failure in therapy is bacterial resistance to the drug. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity profile of strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from goat milk samples, obtained from cases of subclinical mastitis in a herd in the State of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. It was found that Penicillin was the antimicrobial that strains of S. aureus presented greater resistance in both states, presenting 55.56% and 83.33% resistance in the strains of Minas Gerais and São Paulo, respectively. The antibiotics Ampicillin and Rifampicin, in turn, showed 44.44% resistance in strains from Minas Gerais and 83.33% in strains from São Paulo, respectively. The profile of resistance to penicillin, followed by ampicillin in Minas Gerais, and rifampicin in São Paulo were predominant, which demonstrates the ineffectiveness of these antibiotics available in the treatment of mastitis in these herd

Relationship between somatic cell count and goat milk composition in farms in the States of Minas Gerais and São Paulo.

Currently there is an increasing demand for quality in food products. The use of low-quality milk has relevant technological implications, such as low yield of dairy products due to changes in their original characteristics. The composition and physicochemical characteristics of goat milk can be very harmfully influenced by several factors, such as mastitis. Somatic cell count (SCC) is a valuable tool in indicating milk quality, in estimating quantitative and qualitative production loss, as well as in establishing measures to prevent and control mastitis. The present study analyzes the implications of SCC in the chemical composition of goat milk samples

Impact on process results of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) applied to medication use: overview of systematic reviews

Objective: The purpose of this overview (systematic review of systematic reviews) is to evaluate the impact of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) applied to medication use in the care process. Methods: A search for systematic reviews that address CDSS was performed on Medline following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Cochrane recommendations. Terms related to CDSS and systematic reviews were used in combination with Boolean operators and search field tags to build the electronic search strategy. There was no limitation of date or language for inclusion. We included revisions that investigated, as a main or secondary objective, changes in process outcomes. The Revised Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (R-AMSTAR) score was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Results: The search retrieved 954 articles. Five articles were added through manual search, totaling an initial sample of 959 articles. After screening and reading in full, 44 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. In the medication-use processes where CDSS was used, the most common stages were prescribing (n=38 (86.36%) and administering (n=12 (27.27%)). Most of the systematic reviews demonstrated improvement in the health care process (30/44 – 68.2%). The main positive results were related to improvement of the quality of prescription by the physicians (14/30 – 46.6%) and reduction of errors in prescribing (5/30 - 16.6%). However, the quality of the studies was poor, according to the score used. Conclusion: CDSSs represent a promising technology to optimize the medication-use process, especially related to improvement in the quality of prescriptions and reduction of prescribing errors, although higher quality studies are needed to establish the predictors of success in these systems

Participação da população: do controle sobre os recursos a uma produção estética da clínica e da gestão em saúde Popular participation: social control of resources for aesthetic production of clinical practice and health management

O artigo relata parte de trabalho cartográfico realizado pelo autor, que buscou idéias populares e oficiais inovadoras para a clínica e para a pedagogia médica, associando-as a evidências similares coletadas por ocasião da etapa nacional da XII Conferência Nacional de Saúde. Por meio da análise desse material empírico, é possível afirmar que os espaços de participação da população no sistema de saúde vêm produzindo contribuições inovadoras à clínica em saúde e à gestão do sistema de saúde. Essas contribuições atuam no sentido de reconfigurar a clínica e a gestão, interferindo, em grande medida, no próprio sentido do controle social, como habitualmente é referida a diretriz constitucional de participação da população no sistema de saúde. Tal movimento, que fortalece um plano de produção estética desses conceitos, é direcionado de forma similar a um conjunto de processos que marcam, segundo diversos autores, o limite de conceitos que a ciência moderna vem utilizando para produzir conhecimentos. Dessa forma, é possível supor que o que se denomina com alguma freqüência de crise no controle social sobre o sistema de saúde possa ser, na verdade, uma insuficiência de recursos interpretativos para capturar um plano de maior potência da participação da população e de expressão mais atual.<br>This article reports on part of the prior mapping (Ferla, 2002) of innovative popular and official ideas for clinical practice and medical education, associating this process with similar evidence collected during the national stage of the 12th Brazilian National Health Conference. Analysis of this empirical material indicates that spaces for people's participation in the health system have produced innovative contributions to clinical practice and health system management. These same contributions help reshape clinical practice and management, intervening extensively in the very meaning of social control as customarily interpreted in the 1988 Constitutional provision concerning popular participation in the health system. This trend, which strengthens the aesthetic production of these concepts, is similarly oriented to a set of processes which, according to various authors, demarcates the concepts that modern science has used to produce knowledge. Thus, what is frequently referred to as a crisis in social control of the health system may actually reflect insufficient interpretative resources for grasping a level of greater power in popular participation and more up-to-date expression