PLASMA FERRITIN AND HEPCIDIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: Iron disorder and abnormal expression of hepcidin play important roles in many diseases, but it is still unclear in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).  Current study aimed to assess iron, ferritin and hepcidin levels in plasma of with or without T2DM and evaluated increased body iron stores as risk factor for developing T2DM. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 88 participants, who were categorized into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of T2DM. Demographics and general health parameters were recorded. Chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect iron, ferritin and hepcidin concentrations. The geometric mean±SD of the plasma level of hepcidin, ferritin, iron and insulin among T2DM comparing with that of healthy controls were evaluated. Results: Plasma ferritin and hepcidin levels in T2DM group were higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The geometric mean ± SD of hepcidin and ferritin for T2DM were 41.1±23.3 μg/l and 227.2±156.1 ŋg/L respectively;   higher than the 15.2±2.3 μg/l and 114.4±60.4 ŋg/l of controls respectively. There was a significant associated between high level of plasma hepcidin (OR=2.75) and ferritin (OR=2.24); with T2 DM. Conclusion: In conclusion: the regulation of body iron, an essential but also toxic element is strictly controlled by a small peptide hormone hepcidin. The present data demonstrated that the higher hepcidin level in diabetic patients may be due to that higher ferritin, the elevated hepcidin might have adaptive value through down-regulated iron absorb and play an important role in pathogenesis of T2 DM.                                 Peer Review History: Received 20 January 2019;   Revised 25 February; Accepted 3 March, Available online 15 March 2019 Academic Editor: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, [email protected]  Received file:        Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Tanveer Ahmed Khan, Hajvery University, Lahore, Pakistan, [email protected] Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] Similar Articles: EFFECTS OF EMODIN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND BODY WEIGHT IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC RATS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREVENTION PLASMA FERRITIN AND HEPCIDIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ORAL DRUG DELIVERY OF INSULIN IN DIABETES MELLITUS: AN ATTRACTIVE ALTERNATE TO OVERCOME INVASIVE ROUTE ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF DRACAENA CINNABARI BALF. RESIN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SOQATRA ISLAND IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIALS OF PERSEA AMERICANA MILL. (LAURACEAE) FRUIT EXTRAC

INTERLEUKIN-1β LEVELS IN THE HUMAN GINGIVAL SULCUS: RATES AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS LEVELS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS

Background and objective:  Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) affords a exceptional window for investigation of periodontal condition as the levels of inflammatory mediators, which consequences owing to the increased local destruction of connective tissue structural elements. This study aimed to explore the interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) levels in the human gingival sulcus in healthy normal people; and the effect of host factors as age , gender, type of tooth used in pro-inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: Eighty seven patients, 54 (62.1%) female and 33 (37.9%) male (aged 12–34 years; mean 19.58±4.4 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sampling was conducted (baseline). GCF was collected from the Central incisor, the Lateral incisor, the Canine, the First premolar and the second premolar in this study.  Results: In total, the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 32.16±4.83 pg/ml, with a mode equal to 28.01 pg/mL, the median was 32.71 pg/mL, and ranged from 20.98 to 41.25 pg/ml with the 75% interquartile range (IQR) equal to 35.94 pg/ml. For males the mean±SD of central incisor IL-1β was 31.6±5.51 pg/ml VS 32.5±4.4 pg/ml of females. For the lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar: Conclusion: This study provides the upper limit of normal values ​​for interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels for subjects aged 12–34 years in the GCF. These upper limits of normal values ​​will guide dentists in Yemen when they consider the diagnosis of periodontal disease, as well as its role during orthodontic tooth movement where they play important role in osteocyte activities (e.g, osteoclasts and osteoblasts), and will provide useful baseline data for future studies of interventions against periodontal disease, and teeth movement by orthodontics appliances, in Yemen.                           Peer Review History: Received: 1 September 2022; Revised: 11 October; Accepted: 6 November, Available online: 15 November 2022 Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, [email protected] Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Rima Benatoui,Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, Algeria.  [email protected] Dr. Gulam Mohammed Husain,, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India, [email protected] Similar Articles:   THE EFFECT OF NANOSILVER AND CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHWASH ON ANAEROBIC PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS COUNT