21 research outputs found
Patterns of Tree Establishment Following Glacier-Induced Floods in Southern Patagonia
Whereas tree establishment after large-scale disturbances such as fires, avalanches, and landslides have been documented for Patagonian forests, information on forest recovery following floods is scarce. Glaciar Perito Moreno has remained stable throughout the twentieth century, reaching the Peninsula de Magallanes several times and embalming parts of Lago Argentino. Following each ice-dam flood, the Nothofagus forests along the flooded shores die. We combined dendrochronology and spatial statistics to describe forest recolonization following the episodic flood caused by this glacier in 1988. Four tree species recolonized the lakeshores after the flood. Tree establishment started during spring-summer 1988â 1989, the growing season following the break of the ice dam in February 1988. More than 60% of the trees were established between the years 1994â2000, suggesting a rapid colonization of bare shores after the ice-dam break. Using Ripleyâs spatial analysis, a 100% significant association between species was recorded at sites where two or more species were present. Species dominance was largely modulated by the composition of neighboring non-flooded forests and the climatic conditions along the precipitation gradient. While rates of tree colonization are influenced by species and their seed dispersal capacities, the grouping patterns by site may be modulated by differences in substrate and microclimatic conditions.Fil: Guerrido, Claudia Marcela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Villalba, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Amoroso, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, AgroecologĂa y Desarrollo Rural. - Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, AgroecologĂa y Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez CatĂłn, Milagros RocĂo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de NivologĂa, GlaciologĂa y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentin
A review of silvopastoral systems in native forests of Nothofagus antarctica in southern Patagonia, Argentina
Silvopastoral systems in Nothofagus antarctica (ñire) forest have become an economical, ecological and productive alternative in Patagonia. Southern Patagoniaâs experience over the past 12 years with silvopastoral systems is reviewed. The productivity and nutritive value (crude protein content and dry matter digestibility) of the understorey grassland were dependent on the interaction of environmental (mainly soil water availability and light intensity) and management factors under the trees and in turn determined animal performance. A method developed for carrying capacity estimation at the paddock level was based on the potential aboveground net primary production, and values ranged from 85 to 2200 kg DM haâ1 yearâ1. Planned thinning in secondary forest stands provides wood production and also improves the undestorey DM production by increasing incoming radiation. Within a management plan, a standâs water stress conditions as well as the use of Reinekeâs stand density index are proposed to assist in determining thinning intensities. Livestock production is the main annual income of silvopastoral systems where cattle and mixed livestock production (cattle + sheep) is the main activity. Animal performance at the whole farm scale is presented by comparing traditional extensive grazing management with an adaptive silvopastoral management that included strategic separation in homogeneous areas (grass steppe, forest and riparian meadows), stocking rate adjustment to grassland net primary production and the protection of regeneration from herbivores browsing. Data from litter decomposition, nutrient cycling and carbon storage studies also are presented. Finally, aspects related to the criteria and indicators to assess ñire forestâs sustainability under silvopastoral use along with biodiversity conservation issues are presented.Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Sur; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad AcadĂ©mica RĂo Gallegos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; ArgentinaFil: Bahamonde, HĂ©ctor Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Sur; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad AcadĂ©mica RĂo Gallegos; ArgentinaFil: Lencinas, MarĂa Vanessa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; ArgentinaFil: Gargaglione, Veronica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Sur; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad AcadĂ©mica RĂo Gallegos; ArgentinaFil: Soler Esteban, Rosina Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; ArgentinaFil: Ormaechea, SebastiĂĄn Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Sur; ArgentinaFil: MartĂnez Pastur, Guillermo JosĂ©. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; Argentin