Enterotoxigenicity and drug sensitivity of staphylococci from children aged five years and below with sporadic diarrhoea

Objective: To investigate the incidence of enterotoxigenic strains of staphylococci in children aged five years and below suffering from sporadic diarrhoea and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Design: Collection of stool samples from children with sporadic diarrhoea and laboratory based microbiological analysis. Setting: Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Results: Out of one thousand seven hundred and sixty one diarhoeic faecal specimens collected, one hundred and seven strains of staphylococci were isolated as pure culture. Seventy two of these 107 staphylococci were coagulase positive S. aureus, 33 strains were S. epidermidis and two strains were S. saprophyticus. Sixty one (84.7%) of 72 isolates of S. aureus produced enterotoxins. Staphylococcal enterotoxins A was produced singly by 37(60.7%) of the toxigenic strain, while 12(19.7%) produced enterotoxin D alone. Two strains produced both enterotoxins A and C, six strains produced both enterotoxins A and D, one strain produced enterotoxins A, C and D while two strains produced enterotoxins A, B, and D. Most strains were resistant to pennicilin, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) within the range of 1-16m g/ml. Conclusion: Enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus were recovered from children aged five years and below suffering from sporadic diarhoea. The incidence rate was 3.5% of the samples investigated. Results of their antibiogram revealed that chloramphenicol, gentamicin, cephalothin and clindamycin would be appropriate for treatment of such diarrhoea after the clinical value of the antibiotics in young children has been evaluated. East African Medical Journal Vol.80(12) 2003: 656-65

Infectious drug resistance plasmid study in Salmonella enterica isolates of domestic animals and lizards from some south western states of Nigeria

Twenty-three Salmonella enterica isolated from domestic animals and lizards in Oyo and Ogun States of Nigeria between April 2005 and August 2007 were studied for infectious drug resistance and possible transfer using Escherichia coli 365K12 resistant to 200 ìg/ml streptomycin as sensitive recipient. Nineteen (79%) of the isolates were from poultry, 2 (8%) from cattle and 2 (8%) from lizards. Three of the poultry isolates 3/19 (15.8%) transferred R-factor for tetracycline, 10/19 (52.6%) for ampicillin,6/19 (31.6%) for kanamycin, 10/19 (52.6%) for neomycin and 2/19 (10.5%) for nalidixic acid, two of the cattle isolates, 2/2 (100%) transferred for tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, neomycin, ½ (50%) forchloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. Two of the isolates, 2/2 (100%) from lizard transferred for tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, and neomycin; 1/2 (50%) for chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid. The occurrence of a high level of infectious drug resistance among Salmonella enterica studied thatwere transferable to sensitive recipient E. coli 365 K12 is of public health concern in terms of possible transfer of drug resistance from animal to human

Characterization of Salmonella enterica Ituri isolated from diseased poultry in Nigeria

Salmonella enterica Ituri is an uncommon serotype associated with poultry disease. One of the serotype isolated from a poultry disease in Nigeria was characterized by serotyping and screening for the presence of Salmonella genomic island 1(SGI1) as a possible factor responsible for its involvement in a poultry disease outbreak. Despite the similarities in the antibiotic sensitivities patterns of the Salmonella Ituri serotypes with some SGI1-bearing serotypes, it does not bear the SGI1. This is the first report of association of this Salmonella serotype with avian paratyphoidal disease.Keywords: Salmonella enterica Ituri, serotype, Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1)African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(16), pp. 2125-212

The effects of feeding diets containing Furazolidone* on experimental Salmonella gallinarum infection in chickens

No abstract

Short Communication: Cultural and morphological description of Nocardia isolated from field cases of Bovine skin infections in Nigeria

No Abstract Available Bull Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr. (2004) 52, 267-26

Isolation of Moraxella bovisfrom infectious keratoconjuctivitis in a flock of goats

No Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Milk of Dairy Cows in Three Nigerian Cities

Bovine mastitis is usually associated with bacterial pathogens isolated from the milk or mammary glands of dairy cows. A total of 205 isolates comprising of 110 (53.66%) Escherichia coli, 67 (32.68%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 28 (13.66%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from cases of bovine mastitis from southwest and Northern Nigeria during a period of one year were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, tetracycline, neomycin, streptomycin, sulphadimidine and nalidixic acid using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The results demonstrated wide variation of in the susceptibility patterns for the various organisms from different regions of Nigeria. The three organisms displayed highest resistance to sulphadimidine 200 (97.5%) followed by ampicillin 153 (74.63%), tetracycline 103 (50.24%), neomycin 90 (43.90%), streptomycin 68 (33.17%) and nalidixic acid 29 (14.15%) respectively. The resistance patterns of the strains revealed 27 distinct resistance groups. In conclusion these data confirmed that majority of the Gram negative organisms that are causative agents of mastitis in Nigeria were resistant to several antibiotics. This could be a result of indiscriminate use of drugs by dairy farmers for treatment of mastitis in their herd

The gram stain smear: A screening test for genital mycoplasmas from vaginal specimens prior to culture.

Result of 168 vaginal specimens from women examined for genital mycoplasmas showed that more of these organisms were isolated from specimens whose Gram stain smears were devoid of Gram positive bacilli (GPB) (43%) as against those whose smears contain GPB (22.1%). This result was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05). The 17 (25%) GPB positive smears also positive for genital mycoplasmas were subjected to the GPB positivity rating (GPR) and an inverse relationship between the two was established. The Gram stain smear can serve as a screening test for genital mycoplasmas from vaginal specimens prior to culture especially in district hospital laboratories where the special cultural facilities needed for mycoplasmas are insufficient or lacking. Key Words: Vaginal specimens, genital mycoplasmas, Gram positive bacilli. Journal of Biomedical Investigation 2004;2(1): 26-3

Genital mycoplasmas in semen samples of males attending a tertiary care hospital in Nigeria: Any role in sperm count reduction?

No Abstracts.Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol.10(2) 2007: pp.169-17