A conjugate for the Bargmann representation

In the Bargmann representation of quantum mechanics, physical states are mapped into entire functions of a complex variable z*, whereas the creation and annihilation operators $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ play the role of multiplication and differentiation with respect to z*, respectively. In this paper we propose an alternative representation of quantum states, conjugate to the Bargmann representation, where the roles of $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ are reversed, much like the roles of the position and momentum operators in their respective representations. We derive expressions for the inner product that maintain the usual notion of distance between states in the Hilbert space. Applications to simple systems and to the calculation of semiclassical propagators are presented.Comment: 15 page

Quantum Dissipation and Decoherence via Interaction with Low-Dimensional Chaos: a Feynman-Vernon Approach

We study the effects of dissipation and decoherence induced on a harmonic oscillator by the coupling to a chaotic system with two degrees of freedom. Using the Feynman-Vernon approach and treating the chaotic system semiclassically we show that the effects of the low dimensional chaotic environment are in many ways similar to those produced by thermal baths. The classical correlation and response functions play important roles in both classical and quantum formulations. Our results are qualitatively similar to the high temperature regime of the Caldeira-Leggett model.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figure

Determinação da Contagem de Células Somáticas, Contagem Bacteriana Total e presença de Staphylococcus spp. em amostras de leite de cabra produzido no município de Afonso Bezerra-RN.

Resumo: Um estudo foi realizado em 19 propriedades produtoras de leite de cabra no município de Afonso Bezerra-RN, com objetivo de determinar a qualidade do leite através das análises de Contagem de Células Somáticas (CCS), Contagem Bacteriana Total (CTB) e presença de bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus coagulase-positivos (SCP). Das 19 amostras analisadas, 3 (15,8%) apresentaram contagens 1,500,000 SCC/mL. Isolated and identified 15 strains of SCP and nine (47.0%) samples were above the TBC permitted by law, pointing to the need the adoption of hygienic measures to enable the achievement of better milk qualidade. As high counts of SCC in some herds are suggestive of mastitis, but you need the application of complementary diagnostics, in addition to drafting legislation to determine specific standards for SCC goats

Determinação da atividade de proteases cisteínicas, peroxidases e inibidores de papaína em sementes de Crotalaria spectabilis.

Vegetais são uma rica fonte de proteínas bioativas de amplo interesse e variadas aplicações. Proteases, peroxidases e inibidores de proteases são foco de diversas pesquisas no intuito de investigar a funcionalidade e uso dessas biomoléculas em diversas áreas. Proteases cisteínicas são importantes para o desenvolvimento das plantas, participando em processos como a mobilização de proteínas de reserva, senescência e morte celular programada (HAQ, 2004). Peroxidases ocorrem amplamente em vegetais e estão envolvidas em vários processos do metabolismo, podendo ser empregadas na construção de biosensores e em muitos processos industriais (FATIBELO e VIEIRA, 2002). Proteínas inibidoras de proteases são moléculas que inibem a atividade de enzimas proteolíticas participando nos processos de regulação endógena e na defesa das plantas (HAQ, 2004). Crotalaria spectabilis é uma leguminosa de ampla ocorrência no Ceará, sendo conhecida por sua resistência a nematóides fitopatogênicos (WANG, 2002). Este trabalho teve como objetivos detectar e quantificar enzimas proteolíticas, peroxidases e inibidores de proteases cisteínicas em sementes de Crotalaria spectabilis

Revisiting Natural Radiation in Itacaré and Guarapari Beaches

Human beings are constantly exposed to several types of natural radiation. This paper aims to study the total external dose from northwestern Brazilian beach sands. The samples were collected at Prainha in Itacaré, Bahia, and Praia de AreiaPreta in Guarapari, Espírito Santo. Gamma spectrometry is a very useful technique to estimate the effective dose due to naturally occurring radionuclides, such as 40K and daughters of 238U and 232Th. In order to confirm the high activity present in these two regions, the effective dose due to each natural radionuclide was determined. Moreover, the Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) microanalysis was used to characterize the soil composition and the minerals responsible for the high activity. In addition, the sand samples were separated in to magnetic and non-magnetic fractions in order to identify the contribution from each portion of the activity. Finally, the radionuclides and their dispersion in those places are consistent with previous studies, indicating effective doses above the world average that is between 0.3 mSv/year and 1.0 mSv/year

Combining ability of elite clones of Eucalyptus grandisand Eucalyptus urophylla with Eucalyptus globulus.

In Brazil, eucalyptus breeding programs for cellulose production has used two species, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. Nevertheless, it would be useful to introgress alleles from other species to improve wood quality and volume. The objective of this research was to evaluate the hybrid potential of elite clones of E. grandis and E. urophylla from the Aracruz Celulose Company S. A. with Eucalyptus globulus clones. To do so, six elite clones were crossed with ten E. globulus clones in a half-diallel mating design. The resulting hybrid combinations as well as the four check clones were evaluated in randomized complete block experiments with single plant plots and 40 replicates from September to October 2001 at three Brazilian sites, Aracruz and São Mateus in the Espírito Santo state and Caravelas in Bahia State. Two years later the circumference at breast height (CBH) and the wood density (WD) were measured. The means were submitted to diallel analysis according to the Griffing method (1956), adapted by Geraldi and Miranda Filho (1988). Although the number of clones involved was small, the crossings of elite clones of E. grandis and E. urophylla with clones of E. globulus were promising, especially for wood quality gains

Dialelo parcial entre clones de Eucalyptus camaldulensis e clones de E. urophylla, E. grandis e E. saligna.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar combinações híbridas superiores nos cruzamentos entre clones-elite de Eucalyptus grandis, E. urophylla e E. saligna com clones-elite de E. camaldulensis da Aracruz Celulose S.A., por meio de cruzamentos dialélicos parciais. Para isso, as 44 combinações híbridas obtidas e mais quatro testemunhas foram plantadas de setembro a outubro de 2001, em três localidades: Aracruz, ES; São Mateus, ES; e Caravelas, BA, no delineamento de blocos casualizados com 40 repetições e uma planta por parcela. Dois anos após o plantio, foram avaliadas a circunferência à altura do peito (CAP) e a densidade básica da madeira (DEN). Os dados médios foram submetidos à análise dialélica segundo o método de Griffing (1956), adaptado por Geraldi e Miranda Filho (1988). Constatou-se que muitos híbridos foram promissores tanto para a obtenção de ganhos em CAP quanto para obter a densidade da madeira, pois associaram média e variância altas. A maior parte da variação entre os híbridos foi explicada pela capacidade geral de combinação, indicando a predominância de efeitos aditivos no controle dos caracteres. Palavras-chave: Eucalipto, melhoramento e capacidade de combinação