12 research outputs found
Measuring hearing in wild beluga whales
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2016. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in "The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II," edited by Arthur N. Popper, Anthony Hawkins, 729-735. New York, NY: Springer, 2016. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_88.We measured the hearing abilities of seven wild beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas)
during a collection-and-release experiment in Bristol Bay, AK, USA. Here we summarize the
methods and initial data from one animal, discussing the implications of this experiment.
Audiograms were collected from 4-150 kHz. The animal with the lowest threshold heard best
at 80 kHz and demonstrated overall good hearing from 22-110 kHz. The robustness of the
methodology and data suggest AEP audiograms can be incorporated into future collection-and-release health assessments. Such methods may provide high-quality results for multiple
animals facilitating population-level audiograms and hearing measures in new species.Project funding and field support provided by Georgia Aquarium and the National Marine
Mammal Laboratory of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center (NMML/AFSC). Field work also
supported by National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Regional Office (NMFS AKR),
WHOI Arctic Research Initiative, WHOI Ocean Life Institute, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Bristol Bay Native Association, Alaska SeaLife Center, Shedd Aquarium and Mystic
Aquarium. Audiogram analyses were funded by the Office of Naval Research award number
N000141210203 (from Michael Weise)
Influence of thicknesses of smear layer on the transdentinal cytotoxicity and bond strength of a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement
Effect of sodium ascorbate on the bond strength of silorane and methacrylate composites after vital bleaching
Influence of method and period of storage on the microtensile bond strength of indirect composite resin restorations to dentine
This study evaluated the influence of the method and period of storage on the adhesive bond strength of indirect composite resin to bovine dentin. Ninety bovine incisors were stored in three different solutions: 0.2% thymol, 10% formalin, and 0.2% sodium azide, during 3 periods of storage: 7 days, 30 days and 6 months, resulting in 9 groups (n = 10). The roots were cut off and the buccal surface was ground with #600-grit silicon carbide paper. The surface was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s and a composite resin restoration (TPH Spectrum) was fixed using a one-bottle adhesive system (Adper Single Bond) and a dual-cured resinous cement (Rely X ARC) under a load of 500 g for 5 minutes. The samples were serially cut perpendicular to the bonded interface to obtain slices of 1.2 mm in thickness. Each slab was trimmed with a cylindrical diamond bur resulting in an hourglass shape with a cross-sectional area of approximately 1 mm². The microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing was performed in a testing machine (EMIC 2000 DL) at a 0.5 mm/minute crosshead-speed until failure. After fracture, the specimens were examined under SEM to analyze the mode of fracture. μTBS Means were expressed in MPa and the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (3X3) and the Tukey test (α = 0.05). The storage times of 7 and 30 days produced no significant difference irrespective of the solution type. The formalin and thymol solutions, however, did have a negative influence on bond strength when the teeth were stored for 6 months