Deconstructing double-barred galaxies in 2D and 3D. II. Two distinct groups of inner bars

The intrinsic photometric properties of inner and outer stellar bars within 17 double-barred galaxies are thoroughly studied through a photometric analysis consisting of: i) two-dimensional multi-component photometric decompositions, and ii) three-dimensional statistical deprojections for measuring the thickening of bars, thus retrieving their 3D shape. The results are compared with previous measurements obtained with the widely used analysis of integrated light. Large-scale bars in single- and double-barred systems show similar sizes, and inner bars may be longer than outer bars in different galaxies. We find two distinct groups of inner bars attending to their in-plane length and ellipticity, resulting in a bimodal behaviour for the inner/outer bar length ratio. Such bimodality is related neither to the properties of the host galaxy nor the dominant bulge, and it does not show a counterpart in the dimension off the disc plane. The group of long inner bars lays at the lower end of the outer bar length vs. ellipticity correlation, whereas the short inner bars are out of that relation. We suggest that this behaviour could be due to either a different nature of the inner discs from which the inner bars are dynamically formed, or a different assembly stage for the inner bars. This last possibility would imply that the dynamical assembly of inner bars is a slow process taking several Gyr to happen. We have also explored whether all large-scale bars are prone to develop an inner bar at some stage of their lives, possibility we cannot fully confirm or discard.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Compostagem laminar em sistema orgânico de banana.

A utilização de práticas agrícolas não convencionais capazes de melhorar os atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos do solo é fundamental no sistema orgânico. A compostagem laminar, com o aproveitamento de resíduos orgânicos de baixo custo e fácil disponibilidade, é uma alternativa que pode ser viável.PDF. 139_11

Ecologização da agricultura e das relações inovadoras com o mercado: situação atual e perspectivas no Brasil.

Este texto analisa o desenvolvimento da agricultura agroecológica e orgânica no Brasil. Apresenta uma grande diversidade social e de modelos de produção reconhecidos pela legislação brasileira: orgânica, agroecológica, ecológica, biodinâmica, permacultura, etc. Descreve sinteticamente como as políticas e os interesses sociais ligados às questões da agricultura familiar e do meio ambiente causaram a reorganização dos sistemas de produção, em termos de práticas agrícolas e de novas relações com mercados e com os recursos naturais. A análise foi baseada em entrevistas com agricultores e agentes envolvidos no desenvolvimento de vários modelos orgânicos; qualifica os modelos de produção assim como os valores socioculturais relacionados. Apresenta também alguns aspectos das raízes históricas do movimento agroecológico brasileiro e as maneiras como os agricultores familiares se adaptam aos novos interesses da produção ecológica

Young peoples’ reflections on what teachers think about family obligations that conflict with school: A focus on the non-normative roles of young caring and language brokering

In “Western” contexts school attendance is central for an ‘ideal’ childhood. However, many young people engage with home roles that conflict with school expectations. This paper explores perceptions of that process in relation two home activities - language brokering and young caring. We interviewed 46 young people and asked them to reflect on what the teacher would think when a child had to miss school to help a family member. This paper discusses the young people’s overall need to keep their out-of-school lives private from their teachers

Seleção de progênies de feijoeiro com plantas eretas e grãos tipo carioca.

Para confirmar se a população oriunda do cruzamento CVIII-8511 x BRS-Supremo, identificada em um cruzamento dialélico anteriormente realizado é realmente promissora para a seleção de plantas eretas e com boa produtividade de grãos foi realizado o presente trabalho

Selection of common bean inbred lines with tolerance to high moisture at harvest.

The occurrence of precipitation / rain in harvest bean causes damage to the product and reduces the yield. The main alternative to mitigate this problem is to obtain cultivars presenting low germination of beans in the pods under conditions of high moisture. The purpose of this study was to verify if there is genetic variability among the common bean inbred lines that are in the phase of recommendation for the South of Minas Gerais, Brazil in regard to tolerance to moisture after harvest, and identify traits that may be routinely used in selection of tolerant lines to these conditions. Ninety-five lines in the phase of recommendation by the Genetic Breeding Program from UFLA were used. After harvest, a sample of plants from each plot was removed for assessments of seed germination in the pods in a moist chamber and water absorption by pod and seed. Eight days after harvest, another sample was removed to assess seed appearance using a scoring scale. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and estimates of the Pearson phenotypic correlations were obtained among traits. Lines differ in relation to tolerance to moisture at the time of harvest, with those of higher tolerance having lighter colored seeds. The main difficulty in selection of common bean lines for tolerance to high moisture at harvest is the repeatability of the environmental conditions among crop seasons. The alternative is assessing the amount of water absorbed by pods

Eight cycles of recurrent selection for resistance to angular leaf spot in common bean.

The genetic progress (GP) was evaluated after eight cycles of recurrent selection for resistance to angular leafspot in common bean and indirect gain for yield and grain type. The base population (Cycle-0) was obtained from the diallelcross of seven lines with carioca grain and ten resistance sources. To obtain Cycle I, the most resistant S0 plants of Cycle 0were intercrossed. The same procedure was adopted in the subsequent cycles. GP for resistance to the pathogen was estimatedby the overall average of the progenies of each cycle in comparison with control Carioca MG and for productivity incomparison to the controls Carioca MG and Pérola. Lines of the first six cycles were used for grain type. No GP was detectedfor resistance to angular leaf spot. However, the indirect yield gain was 2.3% and 2.5% in the selection for grain type, withvalues similar to those obtained by direct selection for these traits

Seleção de tucumanzeiros (Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.) para teor de óleo no mesocarpo.

A produção de óleo vegetal para abastecer o mercado de biocombustíveis ainda é um grande desafio ao setor produtivo, necessitando de grandes investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento para a maioria das espécies indicadas como potenciais, como é o caso do tucumanzeiro (Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.). O objetivo desse trabalho foi selecionar tucumanzeiros para teor de óleo no mesocarpo. Para tanto foram colhidos cachos em plena maturação de 149 indivíduos pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Tucumã, BAG ? Tucumã, da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, sendo retiradas amostras de 2 kg de frutos para a avaliação do teor de óleo no mesocarpo, em base seca (TOBS). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de estatística descritiva sendo aplicada a intensidade de seleção de β0%. Os tucumanzeiros apresentaram teores de óleo variando de 11,8% a 7γ,8% com média, γ1,γ%, sendo que 7γ indivíduos exibiram valores acima da média. Foram selecionados βλ indivíduos cujos teores variaram de γθ,γγ% a 7γ,84% com média de 44,08%. O diferencial de seleção foi de 1β,78%, a repetibilidade para o caráter selecionado foi de 0,η4, com ganho genético estimado de θ,λ%. No geral, os tucumanzeiros selecionados bons teores de óleo e altos rendimentos de frutos por cacho e de polpa por fruto. Tais resultados sugerem que esses indivíduos tenham boas perspectivas como fornecedores de matéria prima ao mercado de biodiesel, mas devem ser avaliados em testes de progênies