Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician Ideação suicida e tentativas de suicídio no transtorno afetivo bipolar tipo I: uma atualização para o clínico

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the evidence for the major risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder. METHOD: Review of the literature studies on bipolar disorder, suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Bipolar disorder is strongly associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts. In clinical samples between 14-59% of the patients have suicide ideation and 25-56% present at least one suicide attempt during lifetime. Approximately 15% to 19% of patients with bipolar disorder die from suicide. The causes of suicidal behavior are multiple and complex. Some strong predictors of suicidal behavior have emerged in the literature such as current mood state, severity of depression, anxiety, aggressiveness, hostility, hopelessness, comorbidity with others Axis I and Axis II disorders, lifetime history of mixed states, and history of physical or sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: Bipolar disorder is the psychiatric condition associated with highest lifetime risk for suicide attempts and suicide completion. Thus it is important to clinicians to understand the major risk factors for suicidal behavior in order to choose better strategies to deal with this complex behavior.<br>OBJETIVO: O artigo revisa as evidências relacionadas aos principais fatores de risco associados ao comportamento suicida no transtorno bipolar. MÉTODO: Revisão de artigos da literatura em transtorno bipolar, tentativa de suicídio e ideação suicida. RESULTADOS: O transtorno bipolar está fortemente associado à presença de ideação suicida e a tentativas de suicídio. Em amostras clínicas, entre 14% e 59% dos pacientes apresentam ideação suicida e entre 25% e 56% têm pelo menos uma tentativa de suicídio ao longo da vida. Aproximadamente 15% a 19% dos pacientes com transtorno afetivo bipolar morrem por suicídio. As causas do comportamento suicida são múltiplas e complexas. Alguns preditores de comportamento suicida vêm sendo demonstrados consistentemente na literatura, tais como estado de humor atual, gravidade da depressão, ansiedade, agressividade, hostilidade, presença de comorbidades com outros transtornos do eixo I e eixo II, presença de estados mistos ao longo do curso da doença e história de abuso físico ou sexual. CONCLUSÃO: O transtorno bipolar é o transtorno psiquiátrico com maior risco ao longo da vida para tentativas de suicídio e suicídio completo. Sendo assim é importante para o clínico identificar os principais fatores de risco para comportamento suicida visando a escolha das melhores estratégias para lidar com esse comportamento complexo

Ideação suicida e tentativas de suicídio no transtorno afetivo bipolar tipo I: uma atualização para o clínico

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the evidence for the major risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder. METHOD: Review of the literature studies on bipolar disorder, suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Bipolar disorder is strongly associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts. In clinical samples between 14-59% of the patients have suicide ideation and 25-56% present at least one suicide attempt during lifetime. Approximately 15% to 19% of patients with bipolar disorder die from suicide. The causes of suicidal behavior are multiple and complex. Some strong predictors of suicidal behavior have emerged in the literature such as current mood state, severity of depression, anxiety, aggressiveness, hostility, hopelessness, comorbidity with others Axis I and Axis II disorders, lifetime history of mixed states, and history of physical or sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: Bipolar disorder is the psychiatric condition associated with highest lifetime risk for suicide attempts and suicide completion. Thus it is important to clinicians to understand the major risk factors for suicidal behavior in order to choose better strategies to deal with this complex behavior.OBJETIVO: O artigo revisa as evidências relacionadas aos principais fatores de risco associados ao comportamento suicida no transtorno bipolar. MÉTODO: Revisão de artigos da literatura em transtorno bipolar, tentativa de suicídio e ideação suicida. RESULTADOS: O transtorno bipolar está fortemente associado à presença de ideação suicida e a tentativas de suicídio. Em amostras clínicas, entre 14% e 59% dos pacientes apresentam ideação suicida e entre 25% e 56% têm pelo menos uma tentativa de suicídio ao longo da vida. Aproximadamente 15% a 19% dos pacientes com transtorno afetivo bipolar morrem por suicídio. As causas do comportamento suicida são múltiplas e complexas. Alguns preditores de comportamento suicida vêm sendo demonstrados consistentemente na literatura, tais como estado de humor atual, gravidade da depressão, ansiedade, agressividade, hostilidade, presença de comorbidades com outros transtornos do eixo I e eixo II, presença de estados mistos ao longo do curso da doença e história de abuso físico ou sexual. CONCLUSÃO: O transtorno bipolar é o transtorno psiquiátrico com maior risco ao longo da vida para tentativas de suicídio e suicídio completo. Sendo assim é importante para o clínico identificar os principais fatores de risco para comportamento suicida visando a escolha das melhores estratégias para lidar com esse comportamento complexo

Suicide attempts are associated with worse quality of life in patients with bipolar disorder type I

Background: The association between suicidal behavior and quality of life (QoL) in bipolar disorder (BD) is poorly understood. Worse QoL has been associated with suicide attempts and suicidal ideation in schizophrenic patients, but this relationship has not been investigated in BD. This study tested whether a history of suicide attempts was associated with poor QoL in a well-characterized sample of patients with BD, as has been observed in other psychiatric disorders and in the general population. Methods: One hundred eight patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition BD type I (44 with previous suicide attempts, 64 without previous suicide attempts) were studied. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument Short Version. Depressive and manic symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 items and the Young Mania Rating Scale. Results: Patients with BD and previous suicide attempts had significantly lower scores in all the 4 domains of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument Short Version scale than did patients with BD but no previous suicide attempts (physical domain P=.001; psychological domain P &lt;.0001; social domain P=.001, and environmental domain P=.039). In the euthymic subgroup (n=70), patients with previous suicide attempts had significantly lower scores only in the psychological and social domains (P=.020 and P=.004). Limitations: This was a cross-sectional study, and no causal associations can be assumed. Conclusions: Patients with BD and a history of previous suicide attempts seem to have a worse QoL than did patients who never attempted suicide. Poorer QoL might be a marker of poor copying skills and inadequate social support and be a risk factor for suicidal behavior in BD. Alternatively, poorer QoL and suicidal behavior might be different expressions of more severe BD. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved