Analyses of Liquefaction-Induced Deformation of Grounds and Structures by a Simple Method

The authors proposed a simple method to estimate liquefaction-induced deformation of grounds and structures. Adaptability of the method to the settlement of footings was studied. Centrifuge tests for the footing of transmission tower were selected to demonstrate the adaptability of the method. Analyses were carried out under the same conditions of the centrifuge tests. By comparing the analyzed results with the tested results, it was concluded that the effect of thickness of liquefied layer and soil density on the settlement of footing can be evaluated well by the simple method. Effect of countermeasures on the settlement of footing also could be evaluated well

Area of Compaction to Prevent Uplift by Liquefaction

In this study, shaking table tests, upper seepage flow tests and numerical analyses were conducted to determine the condition of improvement by the compaction method, including the extent of area and the density, to prevent uplift of underground pipes by liquefaction. Based on the results of these investigations, a procedure to determine the improvement conditions was proposed