Growth comparison of Nigerian strains of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) types SAT 1 and SAT 2 in BHK, BK, Vero and LK cell culture systems

No Abstract

Prevalence of Newcastle disease virus antibodies in local chicken in Plateau state, Nigeria

No Abstract.Animal Production Research Advances Vol. 3 (4) 2007: pp. 315-31

Field investigation of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) virus infection in cattle in the northern states of Nigeria

The prevalence of FMD virus serotypes SAT 1 and SAT 2 among Nigerian cattle was determined using Complement Fixation (CF) and Serum Neutralization (SN) Tests in 2000 cattle sera obtained from nine northern states. The disease prevalence by CF and SN were 46.79% and 53.15% respectively. These figures were lower than that obtained in 1987 (55%). Plateau and Bauchi States maintained the highest positive cases with SAT 1 virus serotype using CF test (44.8% and 43.6%) and with SN test, 51.2% and 46.8% respectively. For SAT 2 virus, Borno and Adamawa States had the highest prevalence with CF, 41.00% and 30.50% and with SN maintained the highest prevalence; 46.50% and 29.50% respectively. The two serological tests were very specific and sensitive enough to detect and quantify the antibody levels in the infected animals. These results were very significant since these animals were not vaccinated against FMD. It showed evidence of FMD virus SAT 1 and SAT 2 serological types circulation in the country and may be responsible for set backs and the low output in the livestock sector in Nigeria. Further studies on other FMD virus serotypes in other states are suggested. Other details of the findings have been discussed.Keywords: Foot and Mouth Disease, Virus, Antibodies, PrevalenceNig J. Biotech. Vol. 24 (2012) 20-2

Efficacy of Killed Adjuvanted FMD Vaccine Developed with Indigenous Isolates in Guinea Pigs and Cattle in Nigeria

In this study the potency of  killed Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccines serotypes SAT1 (Nig 1/98) and SAT 2 (Nig 2/97) virus isolates, formulated with montanide ISA 206 adjuvant was determined in guinea pigs and cattle by antibody assay using Complement Fixation and Serum Neutralization tests. The antibody titres obtained with single and repeated inoculations gave good responses and protection from the challenge. The SAT1- 146S (Nig. 1/98) antigen maintained a higher mean titres  (CF- 86 and NT-68 in guinea pigs; CF-77 and NT-68 in cattle) than SAT 2 (Nig 2/97) antigen, with mean titres of CF-62 and NT-48 in guinea pigs; and CF-52 and NT-62 in cattle. The formulated vaccines were stable at 4oC throughout the duration of the study. Animals with low and high antibody responses were all protected against FMD. Protection by vaccination may therefore not by strictly dependent on high antibody production in the host. The information obtained from this study showed that it is possible to prepare and use combined or polyvalent montanide ISA 206 adjuvant formulated FMD vaccines for the control of FMD in Nigerian Livestock

Serological studies on Newcastle Disease in Sera of local chickens in Plateau State

No Abstract

Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among hospital workers in Maiduguri, Nigeria

No Abstract.International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences Vol. 4 (1) 2008: pp. 45-4

Prevalence of cytomegalovirus induced IgG antibodies among pregnant women in Benue state, Nigeria

The prevalence of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG antibody in pregnant women in Benue State, Nigeria was determined using the Meditech CMV IgG ELISA based kit. Out of the 372 sera evaluated, a very high 202(54.30%) were positive and women in their first trimester had thehighest prevalence with 81(21.77%) being positive. The age distribution of the subjects showed that 21 - 30 years age group had the highest prevalence with 114(30.65%), while ages 41 - 50 years had the least, 13(3.50%). Analyses on their educational status and occupation showed that those with secondary education and civil servants had the highest prevalence of 103(27.69%) and 61(16.40%) respectively but statistically were not significant (p>0.05). With no history of prevaccination against the disease this result established evidence of human cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women in Benue State. Fetuses and neonates stand the risk of being infected and possibly development of congenital CMV syndrome. Poor hygiene, close proximity, low socioeconomic status and poor medical facilities are likely factors responsible for the high exposure. It is therefore recommended that similar studies be conducted in other states of the country in order to establish the country prevalence rate.Keyword: Pregnant women, IgG antibody, cytomegalovirus, Nigeri

Studies on sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Northern Nigeria

No Abstract.International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences Vol. 3 (4) 2007: pp. 551-55

Determination of rubella IgG and IgM antibodies among women of child bearing age in Kano State, Nigeria

Rubella is an important Toga virus disease, causing significant human public health problem in Nigeria. In this study effort was made to determine rubella prevalence in women in Kano State. One thousand blood sera were tested with IgM specific Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) and IgGindirect solid phase ELISA based kits. Out of the 1000 samples, 663(66.30%) had IgG and 81(8.10%) had IgM antibodies. Ages 31 - 40 years had the highest IgG and IgM (20.10% and 4.80% prevalence respectively). The married women had the highest prevalence rates for both IgG (32.8%) and IgM (5.70%) antibodies. Occupationally, the housewives had 23.10% and 5.4% prevalence for IgG and IgM respectively, while the least came from the farmers (4.10%) for IgGand traders (0.00%) for IgM. Analysis of educational status showed that the non-formal group had highest prevalence with 26.1% for IgG and 5.0% for IgM, while the tertiary education group had the least, 12.5% for IgG and 0.2% for IgM. Out of the 688 infected pregnant women involved inthe study, 68.60% had IgG and 11.77% had IgM antibodies. Women in their first trimester of pregnancy recorded 26.74% prevalence for IgG and 6.83% for IgM antibodies. This study strongly suggests presence of rubella virus infections in Kano State. Adequate vaccination program for thesewomen is therefore reccommended.Keyword: Rubella virus, public health, antibody, pregnant women, congenital defects, Nigeri

Quality evaluation of two FMD Vaccines Prepared from local Isolates of sero types SAT1 and SAT2 Antigens and Montanide ISA 206 Formulations

Anti body responses in cattle and gui nea pigs vaccinated with montanide ISA 206 adjuvant formulation  vaccine were observed. In this study the potency of the inactivated FMD vaccines types SAT! ( Nig 1/98) and  SAT2 (Nig 2/97) formulated with montanide ISA 206 adjuvant was determined in guinea pigs and cattle by  antibod) assay with CF and SN tests and by challenge. The antibody litres obtained with single and repeated inoculations gave good responses and protection from the challenge. The AT I I 46S (Nig. 1/98) antigen mai  ntained a higher titre than SAT2 (Nig 2 '97) antigen. The formul ated vaccines were stable at 4oc throughout  the duration of the study. It was also observed that animals with low and high antibody responses were all  protected against FMD by vaccination that may not be, by strictly dependent on high antibod) production in the host. The information from this study showed that it might be possible to prepare and use combined or  polyvalent montanide ISA 206 FMD vaccines for control of FMD in Nigerian Livestock.Key words: Vaccine. SAT!. SATI , Montanide and antibod