Evaluation of the two-particle propagator for Hubbard model with the help of Hubbard-I approximation

The Hubbard-I approximation is generalized to allow for direct evaluation of the equal-time anomalous two-electron propagator for Hubbard model on two-dimensional square lattice. This propagator is compared against the quantum Monte Carlo data obtained by Aimi and Imada [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 76}, 113708 (2007)] in the limit of strong electron-electron interaction. The Hubbard-I predictions are in a good qualitative agreement with the Monte Carlo results. In particular, $d$-wave correlations decay as $c r^{-3}$ ("free electron" behaviour), if separation $r$ exceeds 2-3 lattice constants. However, the Hubbard-I approximation underestimates coefficient $c$ by a factor of about three. We conclude that the Hubbard-I approximation, despite its simplicity and artefacts, captures the qualitative behaviour of the two-particle propagator for the Hubbard model, at least for moderate values of $r$.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures; the text is reorganized somewhat as compared to the preprint's previous version; an extra figure is added; some figures are re-drawn for different parameter values; typeset with IOP styl

Josephson Coupling through a Quantum Dot

We derive, via fourth order perturbation theory, an expression for the Josephson current through a gated interacting quantum dot. We analyze our expression for two different models of the superconductor-dot-superconductor (SDS) system. When the matrix elements connecting dot and leads are featureless constants, we compute the Josephson coupling J_c as a function of the gate voltage and Coulomb interaction. In the diffusive dot limit, we compute the probability distribution P(J_c) of Josephson couplings. In both cases, pi junction behavior (J_c < 0) is possible, and is not simply dependent on the parity of the dot occupancy.Comment: 9 pages; 3 encapsulated PostScript figure

Comparative study of dye-loaded liposome accumulation in sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells

The aim of this research is to study the dynamics and efficiency of liposome accumulation in sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells. Methods: Methods of fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence microspectroscopy and MTT-test have been used. Results: The liposome-to-cell interaction and dye cellular uptake in sensitive, cisplatin-resistant and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells have been analyzed using time changes in both fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal from the donor probe DiO to the acceptor one DiI preloaded in liposomes and cell image brightness. Conclusion: Obtained results show that resistant cells accumulate dye-loaded liposomes more effectively and reveal more effective dye molecule cellular uptake

Loss of Pi-Junction Behaviour in an Interacting Impurity Josephson Junction

Using a generalization of the non-crossing approximation which incorporates Andreev reflection, we study the properties of an infinite-U Anderson impurity coupled to two superconducting leads. In the regime where $\Delta$ and $T_K$ are comparable, we find that the position of the sub-gap resonance in the impurity spectral function develops a strong anomalous phase dependence-- its energy is a minimum when the phase difference between the superconductors is equal to $\pi$. Calculating the Josephson current through the impurity, we find that $\pi$-junction behaviour is lost as the position of the bound-state moves above the Fermi energy.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; labelling of Fig. 3 corrected; final published form, only trivial change

Ground State and Spectral Properties of a Quantum Impurity in d-Wave Superconductors

The variational approach of Gunnarsson and Sch\"onhammer to the Anderson impurity model is generalized to study d-wave superconductors in the presence of dilute spin-1/2 impurities. We show that the local moment is screened when the hybridization exceeds a nonzero critical value at which the ground state changes from a spin doublet to a spin singlet. The electron spectral functions are calculated in both phases. We find that while a Kondo resonance develops above the Fermi level in the singlet phase, the spectral function exhibits a low-energy spectral peak below the Fermi level in the spin doublet phase. The origin of such a ``virtual Kondo resonance'' is the existence of low-lying collective excitations in the spin-singlet sector. We discuss our results in connection to recent spectroscopic experiments on Zn doped high-T$_c$ superconductors.Comment: 5 pages, 4figures, revised versio

Josephson current in unconventional superconductors through an Anderson impurity

Josephson current for a system consisting of an Anderson impurity weakly coupled to two unconventional superconductors is studied and shown to be driven by a surface zero energy (mid-gap) bound-state. The repulsive Coulomb interaction in the dot can turn a $\pi$ junction into a 0-junction. This effect is more pronounced in p-wave superconductors while in high-temperature superconductors with $d_{x^2-y^2}$ symmetry it can exit for rather large artificial centers at which tunneling occurs within a finite region.Comment: 4 pages 3.eps figure

Thermal conductivity via magnetic excitations in spin-chain materials

We discuss the recent progress and the current status of experimental investigations of spin-mediated energy transport in spin-chain and spin-ladder materials with antiferromagnetic coupling. We briefly outline the central results of theoretical studies on the subject but focus mainly on recent experimental results that were obtained on materials which may be regarded as adequate physical realizations of the idealized theoretical model systems. Some open questions and unsettled issues are also addressed.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Monitoring of high energy deuteron beams in the experiments with massive targets

The influence of massive uranium target (500 kg natU) of assembly "QUINTA" on the results of high energy deuteron beam monitoring with aluminum and copper foils was investigated. In order to increase the accuracy of deuteron beam off-line monitoring, the measurements of the cross sections of fragmentation reaction natCu(d,x)24Na were performed at 1.32, 2, 4 и 8 GeV deuteron energies. For the same deuteron energies the cross sections of residual nuclei 7 Be, 42K, 52Mn, 57Co and 58Co for natCu(d,x) reaction were measuredИсследовано влияние массивной урановой мишени (500 кг natU) установки «КВИНТА» на результаты мониторирования пучков дейтронов с помощью алюминиевых и медных фольг. Для улучшения точности off-line мониторирования пучков дейтронов, бомбардирующих протяженные мишени из тяжёлых элементов, были проведены измерения сечений реакции фрагментации natCu(d,x)24Na для дейтронов с энергией 1,32; 2; 4 и 8 ГэВ. Для этих же энергий дейтронов измерены сечения выхода изотопов 7 Be, 42K, 52Mn, 57Co и 58Co в реакциях natCu(d,x).Досліджено вплив масивної уранової мішені (500 кг natU) установки «КВІНТА» на результати моніторування пучків дейтронів за допомогою алюмінієвих і мідних фольг. Для покращення точності off-line моніторування пучків дейтронів, які бомбардують протяжні мішені з важких елементів, були проведені вимірювання перетинів реакції фрагментації natCu(d,x)24Na для дейтронів з енергією 1,32; 2; 4 і 8 ГеВ. Для цих же енергій дейтронів виміряні перетини виходу ізотопів 7 Be, 42K, 52Mn, 57Co в реакціях natCu(d,x)

Pairing and Density Correlations of Stripe Electrons in a Two-Dimensional Antiferromagnet

We study a one-dimensional electron liquid embedded in a 2D antiferromagnetic insulator, and coupled to it via a weak antiferromagnetic spin exchange interaction. We argue that this model may qualitatively capture the physics of a single charge stripe in the cuprates on length- and time scales shorter than those set by its fluctuation dynamics. Using a local mean-field approach we identify the low-energy effective theory that describes the electronic spin sector of the stripe as that of a sine-Gordon model. We determine its phases via a perturbative renormalization group analysis. For realistic values of the model parameters we obtain a phase characterized by enhanced spin density and composite charge density wave correlations, coexisting with subleading triplet and composite singlet pairing correlations. This result is shown to be independent of the spatial orientation of the stripe on the square lattice. Slow transverse fluctuations of the stripes tend to suppress the density correlations, thus promoting the pairing instabilities. The largest amplitudes for the composite instabilities appear when the stripe forms an antiphase domain wall in the antiferromagnet. For twisted spin alignments the amplitudes decrease and leave room for a new type of composite pairing correlation, breaking parity but preserving time reversal symmetry.Comment: Revtex, 28 pages incl. 5 figure

Quantum Dot in the Kondo Regime coupled to p-wave superconductors

This paper studies the physics of junctions containing superconducting $(S)$ and normal $(N)$ leads weakly coupled to an Anderson impurity in the Kondo regime $(K)$. Special attention is devoted to the case where one of the leads is a $p-wave$ superconductor where mid-gap surface states play an important role in the tunneling processes and help the formation of Kondo resonance. The novel physics in these systems beyond that encountered in quantum dots coupled only to to normal leads is that electron transport at finite bias $eV$ in $SKN$ and $SKS$ junctions is governed by Andreev reflections. These enable the occurrence of dissipative current even when the bias $eV$ is smaller than the superconducting gap $\Delta$. Using the slave boson mean field approximation the current, shot-noise power and Fano factor are calculated as functions of the applied bias voltage in the sub-gap region $eV < \Delta$ and found to be strongly dependent on the ratio $t_K$ between the Kondo temperature $T_{K}$ and the superconducting gap $\Delta$. In particular, for large values of $t_K$ the attenuation of current due to the existence of the superconducting gap is compensated by the Kondo effect. This scenario is manifested also in the behavior of the Josephson current as function of temperature.Comment: 7 pages, 5 .eps figure