The activity of the Kurile Volcanoes in 2018

Based on visual and satellite data, the authors provide information that characterizes the volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands in 2018. Ebeko (Paramushir Island, the Northern Kurile Islands) and Sarychev Peak (Matua Island, the Central Kurile Islands) volcanoes were active in the Kuril Islands. Ebeko Volcano produced a weak (to moderate) explosive eruption in form of steam and ash-gas emissions (about 800 emissions at a height from 2 to 5.5 km). Sarychev Peak activity was characterized by a weak (to moderate) explosions (over the period from September till October the volcano produced at least 10 emissions that reached a height of 2 to 4.5 km). Due to the relatively low emission height and low ash concentration, the activity on Ebeko and Sarychev Peak in 2018 did not pose a serious threat to the international air routes, but could have a certain impact on the local airlines

Ground penetrating radars application for soil-pyroclastic cover survey of the south-eastern zone of Matua Island, the Kurile Islands

Matua is a volcanic island located in the central part of the Kurile-Kamchatka island arc. Its greater north-western part is occupied by the edifice of Sarychev Peak Volcano, which is one of the most active volcanoes in the Kuriles. The south-eastern part of the island is an ancient abrasion-accumulative terrace, which base is formed by weakly dislocated Pliocene-Eopleistocene volcanic-aqueous complexes overlapped with marine deposits and solid soil-pyroclastic cover. Besides, Matua Island is an area with a unique anthropogenic landscape shaped by the Japan army as a result of the construction of elaborated military fortifications in the first half of the 20th century. The paper provides the results of GPR investigation of the soil-pyroclastic cover on Matua Island. The survey included detection of hidden posterns, large-scale cavities and a GPR inspecting of fortifications areas. The results of GPR sounding are compared to geological profile data, which provide records for the explosive activity on the island over the period late Pleistocene to Holocene

U.S. - China: “Power Transition” and the Outlines of “Conflict Bipolarity”

This article focuses on the phenomenon of global rivalry between China and the United States in terms of power transition theory, which is scientifically new and relevant due to the increased attention to the so-called “Thucydides trap”, in which, as some experts claim, both states have fallen. This paper presents a different vision of the global rivalry for leadership in the shaping of a new world order, which has already taken the form of overt non-violent confrontation and manifests itself in technological and trade wars as well as scientific and cultural rivalries. Nevertheless, despite the non-violent nature of the rivalry, this process is followed by an increase in the military capabilities of states, mainly projected in the basins of the Pacific and Indian Oceans (Indo-Pacific region). The methodological basis of the paper is ‘power transition’ theory, which has been developed over the past 60 years by A.F. Organsky, J. Kugler, D. Lemke, R. Tammen and other researchers, united in the TransResearch Consortium. The authors argue that the analytical prism of this theory is more relevant to the analysis of current global rivalry than the classical neorealist balance of power approach. Through the prism of the theory the issues of rebalancing the global system of economic governance are analyzed. Also, a comparative analysis of the US-Japanese and US-Chinese trade and technological wars is carried out. Both the military and aggregate capabilities of two countries on a global scale and in the Indo-Pacific region are examined. The conclusion contains findings and comments on the impact of U.S. — China rivalry on the system of international relations. © 2021, RUDN UNiversity. All rights reserved

Culture Of Student Intellectual Activity: Critical Thinking Priorities

The formation of intellectual skills and readiness for their application by students are determined by the priorities of critical thinking as a norm of structure's quality of intellectual activity culture values: flexibility of thinking; perseverance in achieving results; awareness of cognition process; readiness of the student for planning his own educational and cognitive activity; self-correction; search for compromise solutions. The article reveals the socio-pedagogical characteristics of personality thinking types; the structure and content of critical thinking priorities as a norm of structure's quality of intellectual activity culture values of students in the educational process of the university are defined. The paper proves the practical importance of the algorithm for critical thinking priorities' formation in the structure of intellectual activity culture values in the educational process of the university that meet the criteria of "mastering knowledge," "comprehending knowledge," "application," "analysis," "generalization," "evaluation.

Culture Of Student Intellectual Activity: Critical Thinking Priorities

The formation of intellectual skills and readiness for their application by students are determined by the priorities of critical thinking as a norm of structure's quality of intellectual activity culture values: flexibility of thinking; perseverance in achieving results; awareness of cognition process; readiness of the student for planning his own educational and cognitive activity; self-correction; search for compromise solutions. The article reveals the socio-pedagogical characteristics of personality thinking types; the structure and content of critical thinking priorities as a norm of structure's quality of intellectual activity culture values of students in the educational process of the university are defined. The paper proves the practical importance of the algorithm for critical thinking priorities' formation in the structure of intellectual activity culture values in the educational process of the university that meet the criteria of "mastering knowledge," "comprehending knowledge," "application," "analysis," "generalization," "evaluation.