Caracterización de las explotaciones lecheras de La Pampa

En la cuenca lechera de la provincia de la Pampa, al igual que en el resto de las cuencas argentinas, existe un proceso de concentración de la producción, con reducción en la cantidad de establecimientos y aumento de la producción de leche. El conocimiento de la variabilidad de la estructura productiva como indicador estratégico permitirá implementar acciones de investigación y desarrollo para la permanencia de las explotaciones en el sector lechero. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la estructura productiva de los establecimientos lecheros de la provincia de La Pampa. Durante el año 2017, se encuestaron 45 explotaciones distribuidos en las tres cuencas, norte, centro y sur de la provincia de La Pampa. En promedio las explotaciones lecheras producen 3.509,82 Lts/día ± 1.040,61 (C.V. 198,89%) en una superficie ganadera de 215,20 ha ± 57,90 (C.V.180,47%) con un total de vacas de 201,78 ± 58,00 (C.V. 192,83%). La mortalidad en la cría fue de 5,42% ± 0,38 (C.V. 47,26) superior al 3% recomendado y la edad al primer parto de 26,6 meses ± 0,35 (C.V. 8,87) levemente superior al intervalo de 24 – 26 meses destacado como óptimo para no acrecentar los costos por tiempo ocioso. La producción de leche hallada concuerda con un sistema de producción pastoril, como el que predomina en La Pampa, con variables factibles de mejorar tales como las halladas en mortandad de la cría y edad al primer part

Modifiable risk factors associated with prediabetes in men and women: A cross-sectional analysis of the cohort study in primary health care on the evolution of patients with prediabetes

Background: Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes development, but little is known about the factors associated with this state. The aim of the study was to identify modifiable risk factors associated with the presence of prediabetes in men and women. Methods: Cohort Study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes (PREDAPS-Study) is a prospective study on a cohort of 1184 subjects with prediabetes and another cohort of 838 subjects without glucose metabolism disorders. It is being conducted by 125 general practitioners in Spain. Data for this analysis were collected during the baseline stage in 2012. The modifiable risk factors included were: smoking habit, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, inadequate diet, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. To assess independent association between each factor and prediabetes, odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results: Abdominal obesity, low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and hypertension were independently associated with the presence of prediabetes in both men and women. After adjusting for all factors, the respective ORs (95% Confidence Intervals) were 1.98 (1.41-2.79), 1.88 (1.23-2.88) and 1.86 (1.39-2.51) for men, and 1.89 (1.36-2.62), 1.58 (1.12-2.23) and 1.44 (1.07-1.92) for women. Also, general obesity was a risk factor in both sexes but did not reach statistical significance among men, after adjusting for all factors. Risky alcohol consumption was a risk factor for prediabetes in men, OR 1.49 (1.00-2.24). Conclusions: Obesity, low HDL-cholesterol levels, and hypertension were modifiable risk factors independently related to the presence of prediabetes in both sexes. The magnitudes of the associations were stronger for men than women. Abdominal obesity in both men and women displayed the strongest association with prediabetes. The findings suggest that there are some differences between men and women, which should be taken into account when implementing specific recommendations to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in adult population

Track A Basic Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138319/1/jia218438.pd