Cardiac, Aortic, and Pulmonary Arteriopathy in HIV-Infected Children: The Prospective P2C2 HIV Multicenter Study

Arteriopathy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is being increasingly recognized, especially in children. However, few studies have histologically evaluated the coronary arteries in HIV-infected children, and none have systematically assessed the aorta and pulmonary arteries. The coronary arteries, thoracic aorta, and the main and branch pulmonary arteries from the postmortem hearts of 14 HIV-infected children were systematically reviewed for vasculopathic lesions and compared with 14 age-matched controls. Findings from the HIV-infected children were compared with clinical, laboratory, and other postmortem findings. Coronary arteriopathy, seen in seven (50%) of the HIV-infected children, was primarily calcific, and it was associated with decreased CD3 and CD4 peripheral blood counts. Large vessel arteriopathy, seen in 9 (64%) of the 14 HIV-infected children, was primarily centered on the vasa vasorum and consisted mainly of medial hypertrophy and chronic inflammation. Large vessel lesions were associated with increased left ventricular mass z-scores ( P = 0.02), and 78% of patients with large vessel arteriopathy had postmortem cardiomegaly. Coronary and large vessel arteriopathies are common in pediatric HIV-infection and have different clinicopathologic features suggesting different pathogenesis

Bevacizumab in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer: where have we landed?

Vast preclinical and clinical evidence has made angiogenesis one of the hallmarks of cancer. In many human tumours, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as the crucial mediator of this process. Initial studies suggested that angiogenesis, and VEGF in particular, could be inhibited without the risk of major side effects. After the pivotal data in first-line studies in patients with colorectal cancer, numerous clinical trials have been undertaken in patients with breast cancer. This review attempts to update these investigations and define the role of anti-VEGF antibody treatment in advanced breast cancer

LMO1 Synergizes with MYCN to Promote Neuroblastoma Initiation and Metastasis

Contains fulltext : 177057.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)A genome-wide association study identified LMO1, which encodes an LIM-domain-only transcriptional cofactor, as a neuroblastoma susceptibility gene that functions as an oncogene in high-risk neuroblastoma. Here we show that dbetah promoter-mediated expression of LMO1 in zebrafish synergizes with MYCN to increase the proliferation of hyperplastic sympathoadrenal precursor cells, leading to a reduced latency and increased penetrance of neuroblastomagenesis. The transgenic expression of LMO1 also promoted hematogenous dissemination and distant metastasis, which was linked to neuroblastoma cell invasion and migration, and elevated expression levels of genes affecting tumor cell-extracellular matrix interaction, including loxl3, itga2b, itga3, and itga5. Our results provide in vivo validation of LMO1 as an important oncogene that promotes neuroblastoma initiation, progression, and widespread metastatic dissemination