60 research outputs found

    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ структурной Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пластов мСстороТдСний ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²

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    The problems of structure geometrization of productive stratums of hydrocarbon deposits are considered. The methodic of the theoretic and empiric typization of elements based on this signs is developed.РассмотрСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ структурной Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пластов мСстороТдСний ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (Π£Π’). Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° тСорСтичСской ΠΈ эмпиричСской Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ элСмСнтов Π½Π° основС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²

    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ изучСния полицикличСских ароматичСских ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ… Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ-Восточного Каспия

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    The problems of studying the negative factors of oil and gas activity in the waters of the North-Eastern Caspian Sea are presented. Despite the active anthropogenic activity, the specificity of hydrocarbon pollution in this part of the water area is poorly understood. The approaches to the analysis of the qualitative composition and identification of sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution based on the indicator ratios of kinetic and thermodynamic isomers are presented. These approaches make it possible to identify the source of pollution, but a full assessment requires taking into account the seasonal dynamics of the sta- tus of aquatic systems. Estimates of the migration features of PAHs and their definitions in the aqueous phase are given. The problems of transition and the study of polyarenes to bottom sediments are assessed. The issues of the degradation of PAH and oil products in the aquatic systems of the region are considered, recommendations are given to improve the development of the research base of the reviewed topics.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ изучСния Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² проявлСния Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² Π°ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ-Восточного Каспия. НСсмотря Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, спСцифика ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ загрязнСния этой части Π°ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° слабо. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ качСствСнного состава ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ источников загрязнСния полицикличСскими ароматичСскими ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ (ПАУ) Π½Π° основС ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ кинСтичСских ΠΈ тСрмодинамичСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ источник загрязнСния, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ полноцСнная ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° сСзонной Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ состояния Π°ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ особСнности ПАУ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΈΡ… опрСдСлСния Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ изучСнности ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ отлоТСния. РассмотрСны вопросы Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ПАУ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² аквасистСмах Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ развития Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ рассматриваСмой Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅

    ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° влияния автотранспорта Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ кампуса Российского унивСрситСта Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²

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    The article reflects the research carried out within the framework of the β€œGreen campus” project. The project was organized by the Ecological Faculty of RUDN University, the purpose of which was the monitoring of the RUDN University campus and obtaining detailed information about the technogenic load on the territory. This paper presents the results of year-round studies of the territory, which allowed to establish the variability of anthropogenic load from vehicles depending on the seasons. The article presents the explanation of the vehicles impact assessment methods: instrumental and calculated methods, as well as their comparison with each other. The results are given in charts and maps. Identification of priority substances was done that contribute mostly to the atmosphere pollution.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ исслСдования, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Β«Π—Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ кампус», ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экологичСским Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Российского унивСрситСта Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (РУДН) с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ получСния ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ кампуса РУДН. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… наблюдСний Π·Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ автотранспорта Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ сСзонов Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ обоснованиС ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ расчСтного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния автотранспорта, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… сравнСниС Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. По ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ исслСдования отстроСны Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… вСщСств, вносящих наибольший Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² загрязнСниС атмосфСры

    ОбоснованиС экологичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ унивСрситСта

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    This paper presents the rationale for environmental policy at the university level, its main constituent elements identified on the basis of the analysis of the environmental policies of Russian and international universities, as well as the fundamental concepts formed for the Russian state. The method on the basis of which it is possible to identify weaknesses of ecological safety of the university requiring special attention is shown. This method is the world ranking of universities GreenMetric (GreenMetric world University Rankings), the purpose of which is to rank universities around the world, depending on the sustainable environmental development of campuses and the creation of an energy-saving model of university management. The calculation is made according to this rating on the example of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia and the reasons for the received values are considered in detail, since these results give the university grounds to strengthen the unfinished moments by the relevant paragraphs of environmental policy.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСно обоснованиС экологичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ унивСрситСта, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΅Π΅ основныС ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ элСмСнты, выявлСнныС Π½Π° основС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° экополитик российских ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, сформированных для Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Показан ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, Π½Π° основании ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ выявлСниС слабых мСст экологичСской бСзопасности унивСрситСта, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… особого внимания. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ являСтся всСмирный Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³ унивСрситСтов GreenMetric (GreenMetric World University Rankings), Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ - Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ устойчивого экологичСского развития кампусов ΠΈ создания ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π³ΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ управлСния унивСрситСтами. Богласно этому Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ расчСт Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Российского унивСрситСта Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ рассмотрСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ эти Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΡƒΠ·Ρƒ основаниС ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ экологичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ

    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ экологичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° кампуса Российского унивСрситСта Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²

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    The main tasks and the content of the environmental monitoring of the RUDN-University campus is justified. Theuniversitypresents the results of its activity in the annual international ranking - Green Metric World University Ranking. RUDN-University started successful in 2015 and since 2017 is a national coordinator of this program in Russia. The campus is situated in the intensive transport pressure zone, therefore the environmental monitoring program takes this specific into account. Information on the team performing the project and the availability and instrumentation necessary for its implementation is given. The monitoring network covers various functional zones of the campus, as well as the adjoining forest park zone selected as the background. As a result of the processing of data sets on the characteristics of the campus environment, anthropogenic load levels for functional campus zones were calculated.In the future, as information accumulates, the boundaries of functional zones and technogenic loads will be adjusted (as well as monitoring content). Calculations of emissions of various types of vehicles on one of the main roads, as well as measurements of the radiation situation, noise levels, typical pollutants of automobile emissions into the atmosphere in different periods of the year were carried out.A geochemical survey of the snow cover has been performed to assess the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Maps of atmospheric pollution and snow cover have been constructed, the values of exceeding the normative characteristics have been estimated, a survey of the state of vegetation at the beginning and end of the growing season has been carried out. The obtained data indicate a relatively favorable environmental situation on the campus and the need for further monitoring using more accurate analytical methods for analyzing natural environments, and developing models to predict changes in the components of the campus ecosystem.Such models will allow to reveal the trend of the behavior of pollution on the basis of their bioindication (landscapedestructive changes) under the conditions of specific impacts of oil products burned and other types of urban pollution. It is planned to carry out an inventory and certification of the green plantations of the campus, followed by an object-oriented assessment of vegetation, soil conditions under conditions of varying atmospheric pollution flows and emissions of road transport. As an instrument suggested to create the information and analytical system of monitoring.ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ основныС Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈ содСрТаниС экологичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° кампуса РУДН. Π’ΡƒΠ· прСдставляСт Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ своСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Green Metric World University Ranking. РУДН ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ стартовал Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π² 2015 Π³., Π° с 2017 Π³. являСтся Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π² России. ΠšΠ°ΠΌΠΏΡƒΡ находится Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ интСнсивной Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ транспортной Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ, поэтому разработанная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° экологичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ эту спСцифику. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡΡ свСдСния ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚, ΠΈ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для Π΅Π³ΠΎ выполнСния. Π‘Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΎΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ кампуса, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ, Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π² качСствС Ρ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ массивов Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ характСристикам ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСды кампуса Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ рассчитаны ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ для Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠ½. Π’ дальнСйшСм ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ накоплСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ содСрТаниС ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°). ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ расчСты выбросов Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° автотранспорта ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· магистралСй, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ обстановки, ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡˆΡƒΠΌΠ°, Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… загрязнитСлСй Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… выбросов Π² атмосфСру Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° гСохимичСская съСмка снСгового ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° Π² цСлях ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ накоплСния полицикличСских ароматичСских ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (ПАУ). ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ загрязнСния атмосфСры ΠΈ снСгового ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ значСния ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ обслСдованиС состояния Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ Π²Π΅Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ экологичСской обстановкС Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ кампуса ΠΈ нСобходимости дальнСйшСго провСдСния ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ высокоточных аналитичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… срСд, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° измСнСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² экосистСмы кампуса. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ позволят Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄ повСдСния Π½Π° основС Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ загрязнСний (Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-дСструктивных ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ) Π² условиях спСцифичСских воздСйствий сТигаСмых Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ городского загрязнСния. ΠŸΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ паспортизации Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ… насаТдСний кампуса с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, состояния ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π² Π² условиях ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² атмосфСрных загрязнСний ΠΈ эмиссий Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ транспорта. Π’ качСствС инструмСнта ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ созданиС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-аналитичСской систСмы

    Π˜Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ экологичСский ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Β«Π—Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ кампус РУДН»

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    The first results of the implementation of the initiative project realized by the employees of the ecological faculty of the RUDN-University are presented. The project is aimed at obtaining information on the environmental situation and the main sources of impact on the territory of the RUDN-University’ campus. Together with the achievement of this goal, the most important task is solved - the development of practical skills and competences, the formation of a professional ecological culture among environmental students. For the RUDN-University as a national coordinator in the Green Metric Green Universities international movement organized by the University of Indonesia, the project is a landmark and allows the university to demonstrate by its own example to students the opportunities for greening and achieving sustainability, even for non-productive organization.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сотрудниками экологичСского Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° РУДН. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± экологичСской ситуации ΠΈ основных источниках воздСйствия Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ кампуса РУДН. ВмСстС с достиТСниСм этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ваТнСйшая Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° - Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ практичСских Π½Π°Π²Ρ‹ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρƒ студСнтов-экологов. Для РУДН, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ… унивСрситСтов Green Metric, ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ УнивСрситСтом ИндонСзии, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ являСтся Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ позволяСт унивСрситСту Π½Π° собствСнном ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ студСнтам возмоТности ΠΏΠΎ экологизации ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ устойчивого развития Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ для нСпроизводствСнной ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ

    ΠΠžΠ’ΠžΠ• Π£Π§Π•Π‘ΠΠžΠ• ΠŸΠžΠ‘ΠžΠ‘Π˜Π• ПО ΠžΠ‘ΠΠžΠ’ΠΠœ Π“Π˜Π”Π ΠžΠ“Π•ΠžΠ›ΠžΠ“Π˜Π˜

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    Geochemical markers based on concentration ratios of PAH in oils and oil-polluted areas

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    The paper presents data on the possibility of using the proportions of concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as indicators of the pollution sources with oil hydrocarbons. Approaches are suggested to estimate the efficiency of these indicator ratios, and the efficiency of the currently used ratios is evaluated. Multivariate data analysis is applied to demonstrate how the ratios depend on the degree of transformation of the petroleum products. The data presented in the paper are utilized to more accurately determine the indicator ratios of oil-bearing samples with regard for the contamination age. Β© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

    Supertoxicants: Modeling of their formation and distribution caused by the oil spills on the objects of production and transportation of oil

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    The accidental oil spills are still one of the mostly serious problems in the Russian oil and gas complexes. But until today the approaches to the analyses of the consequences of oil spills can not be recognized as adequate, as well as the approaches to the planning and preparation to the localization and elimination of possible accidents. One of the reasons of this situation is underestimation of danger of the oil components and of the processes of their migration and transformation. In the process of the geoecological estimation the main attention is mostly paid to the total concentrations of oil products, without considering the processes of the natural fractioning. The consequence of such approach is that the toxic properties of the oil components (incl. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and others supertoxicants) are underestimated, the environmental damages are undervaluated, the migration of hydrocarbons in the system "soil - atmosphere - grounds - plants" is inaccurate. The oil transformation products include persistent organic compounds - the individual group of xenobiotics, which main properties are toxicity, perstistence, high migration ability and cumulativeness. The existing equations of hydrocarbons balance suggest the vertical migration of oil products with the moisture flow in the system "soils - subsoils - capillary zone - zone of saturation". But it doesn't taking into account that the phase transitions of substances are caused by the dominant processes: atmosphere - evaporation and chemical oxidation in soils - biooxidation and biodistruction; in grounds - sorption, diffusion; in capillary zone - formation of entrapped forms of hydrocarbons; in the zone of saturation - spreading of the lens and migration inside as a dissolved form. The age of the oil pollution, the anisotropy of the pollutants movement and their type are very important. It is necessary to develop the system of the reliable indicators of landscapes' state, taking into account the transformation of oil products and building of the new compounds with the natural substrates, with the estimation of their toxicity and lifetime in the environment. The multicomponent model of oil products migration with selection of the determined forms of transformation processes is proposed. The 4-zone structure of the upper part of section with oil products' forms and indicators of individual substances as well as natural fractioning processes is modeling. The geochemical markers are proposed - the final products of oxidation and biodestruction, diffusion and sorption of oil components in the environments. The proposed solutions are necessary to use in the monitoring praxis, as well as for the selection of priority directions of remediation of the damaged landscapes. Considering the necessity of improvement of landscapes remediation efficiency, these studies are very promising. Copyright 2012, Society of Petroleum Engineers
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