8 research outputs found

    HIFU Transducers Designs and Ultrasonic Treatment Methods for Biological Tissues

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    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for ultrasonic treatment of biological tissues, particularly, for hemostasis of deep arterial bleeding. The results of designing, modeling and evaluation of an ultrasound applicator capable of creating thermal lesions in the arterial vessels were presented. New effective HIFU transducers designs and ultrasonic methods for stopping deep arterial bleeding were developed and estimated. Mathematical modeling of the HIFU transducers and acoustic fields were performed. The experiments were made on acoustic vascular phantoms as well as on lamb’s femoral artery at a standard protocol. During ultrasound exposure, arterial blood flow was temporarily stopped using intravascular balloon. Postponed hemostasis was observed at lamb’s femoral artery experiments for all HIFU treatments. It was demonstrated that HIFU can be used to stop active bleeding from vascular injuries including punctures and lacerations. The results of theoretical modeling, acoustic measurements, and in vivo vascular experiments prove the efficacy, safety and selectivity of developed HIFU transducers and methods used for enhancing of tissue lysis and hemostasis

    Вранспорт наночастиц с использованиСм ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»: Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ мСдицинским примСнСниям

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    The results of practical implementation of new technology of nanoparticles transport for advanced material design and medical applications are presented. As model objects, porous piezoceramics, and ceramic matrix piezocomposites were chosen. Different types of polymeric microgranules filled and/or coated by metal-containing nanoparticles were used for pilot samples fabrication. Polymeric nano- and microgranules were examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy as well as by EXAFS and X-ray emission spectroscopy. Polymeric nano- and microgranules, coated or filled with different chemicals, were introduced in raw ceramics powders with successive porous ceramics or composite fabrication processes. A pilot samples of nano- and microporous ceramics and composites based on different piezoceramics compositions (PZT, lead-potassium niobate and lead titanate) were fabricated and tested. Resulting ceramic matrix piezocomposites were composed by super lattices of closed or open pores filled or coated by nanoparticles of metals, oxides, ferromagnetics etc. embedded in piezoceramic matrix. Dielectric and piezoelectric parameters of a pilot samples were measured using piezoelectric resonance analysis method. New family of nano- and microporous piezoceramics and ceramic matrix piezocomposites are characterized by a unique spectrum of the electrophysical properties unachievable for standard PZT ceramic compositions and fabrication methods. The developed technology of nanoparticles fabrication and transport can be used also for advanced medical applications such as gene and drug delivery, cancer and neurodegenerative decease therapy etc.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ практичСской Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ транспорта наночастиц для проСктирования Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ мСдицинских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ качСствС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ пористыС ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ кСрамоматрияныС ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹. Для изготовлСния ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² использовались Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ», Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… наночастицами ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»Ρ‹ исслСдовались с использованиСм трансмиссионной ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ элСктронной микроскопии, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ EXAFS ΠΈ рСнтгСновской эмиссионной спСктроскопии. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ химичСскими соСдинСниями, вводились Π² синтСзированныС ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ процСссами получСния пористых ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π˜Π·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ исслСдованы ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ- ΠΈ микропористой ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ (PZT, Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ‚ свинца-калия ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚ свинца). ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ прСдставляли собой ΡΡƒΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ… наночастицами ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ², оксидов, Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€., встроСнных Π² ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ. ДиэлСктричСскиС ΠΈ ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСзонансного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. НовоС сСмСйство Π½Π°Π½ΠΎ- ΠΈ микропористых ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² характСризуСтся ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ спСктром элСктрофизичСских свойств, нСдостиТимых для стандартных кСрамичСских ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ PZT ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² изготовлСния. Разработанная тСхнология изготовлСния ΠΈ транспортировки наночастиц ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для соврСмСнных мСдицинских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ доставка Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ лСкарств, Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ‚.ΠΏ
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