Emergency hysterectomy for a ruptured intramural ectopic pregnancy: A case report

Intramural ectopic pregnancy is usually complicated by uterine rupture requiring emergency laparotomy and appropriate intervention. The  diagnosis poses a serious challenge and the type of surgical intervention required depends on the hemodynamic status and the extent of damage to the uterus. A 38‑year‑old gravida 3, Para 2, abortion 0, who had an emergency hysterectomy due to a ruptured intramural pregnancy with massive hemoperitoneum. Pre‑operative ultrasound was suggestive of the diagnosis which was confirmed by operative findings and histopathology report on the specimens. Intravenous infusion of normal saline, blood transfusion and emergency hysterectomy is essential for prevention of maternal mortality in intramural pregnancy complicated by uterine rupture. Key words: Emergency hysterectomy; intramural ectopic pregnancy; ruptured uterus

Optimal nutrition, a key to addressing reproductive performance in Nigerian local turkey toms

The Nigerian local turkey has the potential to augment the supply of poultry protein in the country and across the region. However, the fecundity of the breed is low due to neglect and lack of improvement. This work is therefore aimed at shedding some light in some reproductive indices of the local turkey under optimum nutrition. A group of fifteen toms and nine hens were used in this study. The males were grouped into three groups of five and placed on varying levels of protein, 12% CP, 16% CP and 20% CP for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Semen samples were collected and analysed twice weekly for thirteen weeks. Ejaculate volume, semen concentration, semen PH, gross and individual motilities, live and dead sperm and sperm morphology were investigated and recorded. Data were summarized as mean ± SEM (Standard Error of the Mean). The toms in groups 3 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher ejaculate volume 0.29 ± 0.03 mls and semen concentration7.766 ± 0.612 x109 than groups 1 and 2. The fertilizing ability, which was assessed through in vivo and in vitro sperm penetration assays revealed significantly higher number of sperm penetration holes (P < 0.05) in Groups 2 and 3, 160.97 ± 8.084 and 172.83 ± 7.647 (in vivo); 187.96 ± 8.121 and 189.16 ± 6.446 (in vitro) respectively. The local turkey toms could parallel their exotic counterpart under optimum environment, without the need for genetic hybridization and that 20% CP had more positive influence on the semen quality and fertilizing ability of indigenous Nigerian turkey toms followed by 16% CP with 12% CP exerting the least positive influence.Keywords: Artificial Insemination, Crude protein, Reproduction, Semen, Turkey tom

Ergonomic evaluation of subjects involved in orange (Citrus sinensis) handling operations in Yanlemo Market Kano State

Ergonomic evaluation of subjects involved in orange handling operation in Kano State was conducted. Anthropometric parameters were evaluated, where they were found to vary with age amongst the subjects selected. 20th and 80th percentiles of the dimensions were computed and recommended for usage in design of the relevant orange handling equipment. To evaluate the Physiological parameters, sorting/grading operations and washing operations were selected for this study. Results obtained revealed that, heart beat rate, oxygen consumption and energy expenditure varied amongst the subjects with age. Muscular stress and postural disorder were also studied. Comparing the parameters obtained during sorting/grading operation and that obtained during washing operations revealed that orange operations resulted to superior drudgery and musculoskeletal disorders.Keywords: Anthropometrics, Energy expenditure, Drudgery, Operations and Musculoskeletal disorde

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

Managing Pre-Construction and Construction Risks on Project Sites in Abuja-Nigeria

Managing risks in construction projects has been acknowledged as a key direction process for the purposes of attaining the project goal in terms of time, cost, quality, safety, and environmental sustainability. Hence, the paper evaluated pre-construction and construction risks on active project sites in Abuja-Nigeria. This was achieved using survey method through the self-administration of 35 questionnaires to the professionals handling the 35 identified projects being undertaking at that time. Results showed that errors and omissions in design and improperly defined project scope had mean score values of 3.03 and 2.54, respectively, were the construction risks most experienced by the professionals during pre-construction. On the other hand, fluctuation in market prices and delays with mean score values of 3.14 and 2.74, respectively, were the construction risks experienced by the professionals during the construction phase of the projects. It is recommended that procurement methods such as construction management should be adopted and stakeholders should keep to their own side of the bargain to avoid unnecessary delays

Acceptance of smartphone technology as mobile learning tool among colleges of education students in Nigeria

This study investigates “Acceptance of Smartphone Technology as Mobile Learning Tool among Colleges of education Students in Nigeria”. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. A sample size of 376 was selected from the population using simple random sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaires which consist of twenty questions. It was validated by three experts; pilot tested at college of education Azare and subjected to reliability test using split half method. A reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. Data collected was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions accordingly. The findings revels that, College students utilized their smartphones as mobile learning tool. They mostly do assignments, search relevant educational materials, send and receive educational mails from teachers and experts using their smartphones. Similarly, college students also find it very simple and easier to operate smartphone as mobile learning tool. It was recommended that government should provide reliable and affordable internet connection in the school premises and also control the price of data from private telecommunication companies. Schools should block all pornographic sites to prevent students from accessing these sites. Teachers should be train and encourage to put-in-place what they have learned on the use of smartphone in teaching and learning proces

Calibration of Soil Moisture Measurement Using Pr2 Moisture Meter and Gravimetric-Based Approaches

The research study strongly focused on creating strong mechanism for measuring and evaluating soil moisture content comparing PR2 capacitance moisture meter and gravimetric approach. PR2 moisture meter shows a better performance accuracy of ± 6%; 0.06 m 3 /m 3 and intercept a0 =1.8; indicating the field is heavy clay. It measures to 1000 mm depth with high precision; while realistic result could not be obtained from gravimetric method at this measuring depth. Therefore, effective soil moisture measuring, monitoring and evaluation can be achieved with PR2 moisture meter

The Trend of Housing Defect on Newly Completed House

House as a shelter to everyone carries a very big impact form the economics point of view, since newly constructed houses have increased the price most rapidly. Thus, to parallel with the high price, the provision of a new house shall be free from any defects, even for the defects that people do normally consider as "cosmetic defects." This paper studies the trend of the building defects of a newly completed 72 units of a double storey terraced house. The building survey implemented consists of three steps of evaluation with the first stage by using Condition Survey Protocol 1 Matrix. This is done by the professional Surveyors, followed with pre-delivery inspection and customer inspection. As for new house, the survey work is very stringent in determining the defect's condition and priority. Survey and reporting procedure is carried out based on Condition Survey Protocol 1 Matrix and Multi Attribute Variable Technique. The result shows that for every stage of inspection, there is an improvement made on the housing condition. This means the repair work undertakes by the developer for every stage helps improved the house condition, before the handing over the process is being done from the developer to house buyers

School Building Defect Pattern

In providing a conducive learning environment for the student, the school building must be in good condition. This paper is evaluating the existing condition of primary school building in Sarawak, Malaysia. It focuses on building defects pattern for school building. The primary data collection is from the school building condition survey with involvement of 24 primary schools. The schools have been selected using simple random sampling and stratified sampling (of school age as the variable of selection). The reporting method is based on Condition Survey Protocol (CSP) 1 Matrix. Data analysis covers descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis carried out found that the overall 4,725 defects have been identified. The building defect pattern is mainly on Ground Level of 3,176 defects, the highest number of defects components found on walls (798). 16.2% defects are cracks from 11 common defects and most of all the highest score of defects based on age of the building were the building in the range of 11 to 20 years