Impact of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of forage oat (Avena sativa L.)

A field trial was carried out to examine the comparative efficacy of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers alone and in different combinations to find the yield and quality contributing factors of oat (Avena sativa L.) during 2008-09 at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. The treatments were tested under randomized complete block design using three replications. Significant result were found in respect of plant height (146.3 cm), number of leaves per plant (6.87), number of tillers per plant (8.02), number of tillers m-2 (336), leaf area per plant (128 cm2), fresh weight per tiller (30.10g), dry weight per tiller (5.01g) and green fodder yield (74.67 t ha-1) in contrast to organic manures and its combination with inorganic fertilizer (inorganic sources of manures). From the present study it can be concluded to meet the needs of fodder; it is better to use inorganic sources that are more effective and quick in response while organic sources are more environmental friendly than inorganic sources

Night-Time Highway Construction or Maintenance/Upgrading Works: An Analysis

This paper presents the analysis of interview sessions conducted with the general objective of studying night-time highway construction or maintenance/upgrading works. This includes any work; construction, maintenance or upgrading, that involves the closure of highway lanes and traffic mitigation. Such works might be disadvantageous to be conducted during daytime, thus requiring them to be conducted at night. Data were collected by conducting interviews to relevant industry players with the objective of identifying reasons for such works to be conducted at night. The answers obtained were the gathered and the most famous themes are selected