Combining Asian and European genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer improves risk prediction across racial and ethnic populations

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have great potential to guide precision colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention by identifying those at higher risk to undertake targeted screening. However, current PRS using European ancestry data have sub-optimal performance in non-European ancestry populations, limiting their utility among these populations. Towards addressing this deficiency, we expand PRS development for CRC by incorporating Asian ancestry data (21,731 cases; 47,444 controls) into European ancestry training datasets (78,473 cases; 107,143 controls). The AUC estimates (95% CI) of PRS are 0.63(0.62-0.64), 0.59(0.57-0.61), 0.62(0.60-0.63), and 0.65(0.63-0.66) in independent datasets including 1681-3651 cases and 8696-115,105 controls of Asian, Black/African American, Latinx/Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White, respectively. They are significantly better than the European-centric PRS in all four major US racial and ethnic groups (p-values < 0.05). Further inclusion of non-European ancestry populations, especially Black/African American and Latinx/Hispanic, is needed to improve the risk prediction and enhance equity in applying PRS in clinical practice

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC DISEASES

An urgency of studying of quality of life in clinical pediatrics is described in this article. Some results of trials, studying quality of life of children with chronic diseases was presented. These results include information of influence of chronic disease, peculiarities of quality of life in patients with different nosologic forms, long9term disorders of quality of life.Key words: children, quality of life, chronic diseases

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC DISEASES

An urgency of studying of quality of life in clinical pediatrics is described in this article. Some results of trials, studying quality of life of children with chronic diseases was presented. These results include information of influence of chronic disease, peculiarities of quality of life in patients with different nosologic forms, long9term disorders of quality of life.Key words: children, quality of life, chronic diseases.</strong

NEPHROLOGIST'S PRACTICAL ADVICE

Pathology of kidneys and urinary tracts are some of the most widespread in infancy. The «discreet» course of a number of diseases quite often results in diagnostics only at the stage of progression into chronic kidney insufficiency. It is very important to notice the changes in the condition of a child and consult the nephrologist. In this article authors cover relevant issues of diagnostics and treatment of children with pathology of kidney and urinary tract.Key words: kidney diseases, diagnostics, children

NEPHROLOGIST'S PRACTICAL ADVICE

Pathology of kidneys and urinary tracts are some of the most widespread in infancy. The «discreet» course of a number of diseases quite often results in diagnostics only at the stage of progression into chronic kidney insufficiency. It is very important to notice the changes in the condition of a child and consult the nephrologist. In this article authors cover relevant issues of diagnostics and treatment of children with pathology of kidney and urinary tract.Key words: kidney diseases, diagnostics, children

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH GLOMERULAR KIDNEY DISEASES

The paper presents the results of a study of the life quality of children with chronic kidney diseases using a questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, which allows us to estimate the physical, emotional, social and role functioning. The authors included in the analysis the least studied in pediatric nephrology cohort of patients — children with intact renal function. According to the patients responses, regardless of the age, compared with healthy children, physical, emotional and social aspects were the lowest. In accordance with the parents responses the quality of children life have been reduced, mainly due to the physical component. The children of preschool age (5–7 years) showed the most marked reduction of all parameters of life quality. Key words: quality of life, chronic kidney disease, children. (Pediatric pharmacology. — 2011; 8 (6): 74–76)

HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH HYDRONEPHROSIS AND WAYS OF DRUG THERAPY

In hydronephrosis, dysplasia of connective tissue results in hemostatic system disorders manifesting themselves as hemorrhagic mesenchimal dysplasia. The article analyses the coagulograms of 63 children with renal hydronephrosis in pre-school age. The work reviews the methods of diagnosing hemostatic disorders in moderate and severe dysplasia of renal parenchyma and ways of modern adequate drug therapy for these conditions. This method makes a prognosis of the disease more predictable and manageable.Key words: hydronephrosis, dysplasia, kidneys, children

QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH GLOMERULAR KIDNEY DISEASES

The paper presents the results of a study of the life quality of children with chronic kidney diseases using a questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, which allows us to estimate the physical, emotional, social and role functioning. The authors included in the analysis the least studied in pediatric nephrology cohort of patients — children with intact renal function. According to the patients responses, regardless of the age, compared with healthy children, physical, emotional and social aspects were the lowest. In accordance with the parents responses the quality of children life have been reduced, mainly due to the physical component. The children of preschool age (5–7 years) showed the most marked reduction of all parameters of life quality. Key words: quality of life, chronic kidney disease, children. (Pediatric pharmacology. — 2011; 8 (6): 74–76)