694 research outputs found
Coherent States in Null-Plane Q.E.D
Light front field theories are known to have the usual infra-red divergences
of the equal time theories, as wellas new `spurious' infra-red divergences. The
formar kind of IR divergences are usually treated by giving a small mass to the
gauge particle. An alternative method to deal with these divergences is to
calculate the transition matrix elements in a coherent state basis. In this
paper we present, as a model calculation the lowest order correction to the
three point vertex in QED using a coherent state basis in the light cone
formalism. The relevant transition matrix element is shown to be free of the
true IR divergences up to .Comment: 20 pages and two figures, REVTEX, ITP-SB-93-7
Costituent Quark Picture out of QCD in two dimensions - on the Light-Cone
Using DLCQ as a nonperturbative method, we test Fock-space truncations in
by studying the mass spectra of hadrons in colour SU(2) and
SU(3) at finite harmonic resolution . We include states
for mesons and up to states for baryons. With this truncation, we
give `predictions' for the masses of the first five states where finite
effects are minimal.Comment: 13 pages, uses elsart.sty 2 Postscript figures, uses epsf.sty
'elsart.sty' and 'elsart12.sty' are available via anonymous-ftp at
ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/elsevie
Structure of the ovaries of the Nimba otter shrew, Micropotamogale lamottei, and the Madagascar hedgehog tenrec, Echinops telfairi
The otter shrews are members of the subfamily Potamogalinae within the family Tenrecidae. No description of the ovaries of any member of this subfamily has been published previously. The lesser hedgehog tenrec, Echinops telfairi, is a member of the subfamily Tenrecinae of the same family and, although its ovaries have not been described, other members of this subfamily have been shown to have ovaries with non-antral follicles. Examination of these two species illustrated that non-antral follicles were characteristic of the ovaries of both species, as was clefting and lobulation of the ovaries. Juvenile otter shrews range from those with only small follicles in the cortex to those with 300- to 400-mu m follicles similar to those seen in non-pregnant and pregnant adults. As in other species, most of the growth of the oocyte occurred when follicles had one to two layers of granulosa cells. When larger follicles became atretic in the Nimba otter shrew, hypertrophy of the theca interna produced nodules of glandular interstitial tissue. In the tenrec, the hypertrophying theca interna cells in most large follicles appeared to undergo degeneration. Both species had some follicular fluid in the intercellular spaces between the more peripheral granulosa cells. It is suggested that this fluid could aid in separation of the cumulus from the remaining granulosa at ovulation. The protruding follicles in lobules and absence of a tunica albuginea might also facilitate ovulation of non-antral follicles. Ovaries with a thin-absent tunica albuginea and follicles with small-absent antra are widespread within both the Eulipotyphla and in the Afrosoricida, suggesting that such features may represent a primitive condition in ovarian development. Lobulated and deeply crypted ovaries are found in both groups but are not as common in the Eulipotyphla making inclusion of this feature as primitive more speculative. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel
Towards Solving QCD - The Transverse Zero Modes in Light-Cone Quantization
We formulate QCD in (d+1) dimensions using Dirac's front form with periodic
boundary conditions, that is, within Discretized Light-Cone Quantization. The
formalism is worked out in detail for SU(2) pure glue theory in (2+1)
dimensions which is approximated by restriction to the lowest {\it transverse}
momentum gluons. The dimensionally-reduced theory turns out to be SU(2) gauge
theory coupled to adjoint scalar matter in (1+1) dimensions. The scalar field
is the remnant of the transverse gluon. This field has modes of both non-zero
and zero {\it longitudinal} momentum. We categorize the types of zero modes
that occur into three classes, dynamical, topological, and constrained, each
well known in separate contexts. The equation for the constrained mode is
explicitly worked out. The Gauss law is rather simply resolved to extract
physical, namely color singlet states. The topological gauge mode is treated
according to two alternative scenarios related to the In the one, a spectrum is
found consistent with pure SU(2) gluons in (1+1) dimensions. In the other, the
gauge mode excitations are estimated and their role in the spectrum with
genuine Fock excitations is explored. A color singlet state is given which
satisfies Gauss' law. Its invariant mass is estimated and discussed in the
physical limit.Comment: LaTex document, 26 pages, one figure (obtainable by contacting
authors). To appear in Physical. Review
Magneto-Transport Properties of Doped RuSrGdCuO
RuSrGdCuO, in which magnetic order and superconductivity coexist
with , is a complex material which poses new and
important questions to our understanding of the interplay between magnetic and
superconducting (SC) order. Resistivity, Hall effect and thermopower
measurements on sintered ceramic RuSrGdCuO are presented, together
with results on a broad range of substituted analogues. The Hall effect and
thermopower both show anomalous decreases below which may be
explained within a simple two-band model by a transition from localized to more
itinerant behavior in the RuO layer at .Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B., correspondence to
[email protected]
Mass Spectra of Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theories in 1+1 Dimensions
Physical mass spectra of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories in 1+1 dimensions
are evaluated in the light-cone gauge with a compact spatial dimension. The
supercharges are constructed and the infrared regularization is unambiguously
prescribed for supercharges, instead of the light-cone Hamiltonian. This
provides a manifestly supersymmetric infrared regularization for the
discretized light-cone approach. By an exact diagonalization of the supercharge
matrix between up to several hundred color singlet bound states, we find a
rapidly increasing density of states as mass increases.Comment: LaTeX file, 32 page, 7 eps figure
TrustedPals: Secure Multiparty Computation Implemented with Smart Cards
We study the problem of Secure Multi-party Computation (SMC) in a model where individual processes contain a tamper-proof security module, and introduce the TrustedPals framework, an efficient smart card based implementation of SMC for any number of participating entities in such a model. Security modules can be trusted by other processes and can establish secure channels between each other. However, their availability is restricted by their host, that is, a corrupted party can stop the computation of its own security module as well as drop any message sent by or to its security module. We show that in this model SMC can be implemented by reducing it to a fault-tolerance problem at the level of security modules. Since the critical part of the computation can be executed locally on the smart card, we can compute any function securely with a protocol complexity which is polynomial only in the number of processes (that is, the complexity does not depend on the function which is computed), in contrast to previous approaches
Thinking about growth : a cognitive mapping approach to understanding small business development
School of Managemen
Clinical consensus recommendations for the non-surgical treatment of children with Perthesâ disease in the UK
Aims
The aim of this study was to produce clinical consensus recommendations about the non-surgical treatment of children with Perthesâ disease. The recommendations are intended to support clinical practice in a condition for which there is no robust evidence to guide optimal care.
Methods
A two-round, modified Delphi study was conducted online. An advisory group of childrenâs orthopaedic specialists consisting of physiotherapists, surgeons, and clinical nurse specialists designed a survey. In the first round, participants also had the opportunity to suggest new statements. The survey included statements related to âExercisesâ, âPhysical activityâ, âEducation/information sharingâ, âInput from other servicesâ, and âMonitoring assessmentsâ. The survey was shared with clinicians who regularly treat children with Perthesâ disease in the UK using clinically relevant specialist groups and social media. A predetermined threshold of â„ 75% for consensus was used for recommendation, with a threshold of between 70% and 75% being considered as âpoints to considerâ.
Results
A total of 40 participants took part in the first round, of whom 31 completed the second round. A total of 87 statements were generated by the advisory group and included in the first round, at the end of which 31 achieved consensus and were removed from the survey, and an additional four statements were generated. A total of 60 statements were included in the second round and 45 achieved the threshold for consensus from both rounds, with three achieving the threshold for âpoints to considerâ. The recommendations predominantly included self-management, particularly relating to advice about exercise and education for children with Perthesâ disease and their families.
Conclusion
Childrenâs orthopaedic specialists have reached consensus on recommendations for non-surgical treatment in Perthesâ disease. These statements will support decisions made in clinical practice and act as a foundation to support clinicians in the absence of robust evidence. The dissemination of these findings and the best way of delivering this care needs careful consideration, which we will continue to explore
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