Production-Distribution Problem Optimization in a Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain

Integrated production-distribution planning in traditional forward supply chain has attracted a lot of attention in recent years and its economic advantages are particularly noticeable. In this paper, the issue of integrated productiondistribution planning of a multi-level green closed loop, including recycling centers, manufacturing / remanufacturing factories and decentralized distribution centers, is investigated. A three-level bi-objective model with the aim of increasing profit and reducing the adverse environmental effects is presented. A revised multi-choice goal programming approach and a hierarchical iteration algorithm is used to solve it